IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v14y2025i7p1418-d1695823.html

Disturbance and Response Strategies of Carbon Sinks in Forest Land Due to Land Use Change: Taking Liushahe Town of Ningxiang as an Example

Author

Listed:
  • Yu Zou

    (School of Architecture and Planning, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, China)

  • Feng Xu

    (School of Architecture and Planning, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, China
    Hunan Key Laboratory of Sciences of Urban and Rural Human Settlements in Hills Areas, Changsha 410082, China)

  • Yingrui Chen

    (College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410018, China)

Abstract

Forest land plays a vital role as a terrestrial carbon sink. Urbanization, particularly the conversion of forest land into agricultural and construction areas, has significantly affected the carbon sink capacity of forests. The protection of carbon sinks in forest land has become a critical issue in advancing the dual carbon strategy. Taking Liushahe Town as a case study, this study develops an integrated framework of analysis and response strategies, which encompass “land use change prediction, forest land carbon sink evaluation, and multi-objective optimization”. The purpose is to identify an optimal forest planning scheme that balances carbon sink capacity and biodiversity. The results indicate that: (1) Land use change substantially affects the extent of forest land in Liushahe Town, in which the area exhibits an initial increase followed by a decrease, and is projected to shrink to 89.88% of its 2021 level by 2041. (2) There are significant disparities in carbon sink performance among various forest land plots. The strategic elimination of inefficient plots and preservation of those with high carbon sink potential are key to enhancing the resilience of forest land to disturbances. (3) Multi-objective optimization planning schemes effectively reconcile carbon sinks and biodiversity, and enhance the synergistic effects of forest ecosystem services. Overall, this research provides practical guidance and methodological support for the protection of carbon sinks in forest land within township-scale spatial planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Zou & Feng Xu & Yingrui Chen, 2025. "Disturbance and Response Strategies of Carbon Sinks in Forest Land Due to Land Use Change: Taking Liushahe Town of Ningxiang as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:7:p:1418-:d:1695823
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/7/1418/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/7/1418/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bo Chen & Na Yao, 2024. "Evolution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Protection Policy in China Based on Smith Policy Implementation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Yongping Li & Xianguang Ma & Junsan Zhao & Shuqing Zhang & Chuan Liu, 2025. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Conflict Diagnosis of Territorial Space in Mountainous–Flatland Areas from a Multi-Scale Perspective: A Case Study of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-28, March.
    3. Qinhang Xu & Peixin Zhu & Liang Tang, 2022. "Agricultural Services: Another Way of Farmland Utilization and Its Effect on Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, July.
    4. Langong Hou & Huanhuan Hu & Tao Liu & Che Ma, 2025. "Ecological Security Pattern Construction for Carbon Sink Capacity Enhancement: The Case of Chengdu Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-22, May.
    5. Juan Carlos Camargo García & Angela Maria Arango Arango & Long Trinh, 2024. "The potential of bamboo forests as a carbon sink and allometric equations for estimating their aboveground biomass," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 20159-20187, August.
    6. Jing Bai & Zhuo Jia & Yufan Sun & Chengyi Zheng & Mingxing Wen, 2025. "Multi-Scenario Simulation of Land Use Change Along with Ecosystem Service Value for the Lanzhou–Xining Urban Agglomeration," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, April.
    7. Zixuan Li & Jiang Chang & Cheng Li & Sihao Gu, 2023. "Ecological Restoration and Protection of National Land Space in Coal Resource-Based Cities from the Perspective of Ecological Security Pattern: A Case Study in Huaibei City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-27, February.
    8. Giulio Di Lallo & Chiara De Notaris & Maria Vincenza Chiriacò, 2025. "Evaluating Natural Climate Solutions in Long-Term Climate Strategies: Opportunities for Enhanced Mitigation Across the European Union," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, April.
    9. Yuzhou Zhang & Yiyang Zhang & Jianxin Yang & Weilong Wu & Rong Tao, 2024. "Integrating System Dynamics, Land Change Models, and Machine Learning to Simulate and Predict Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration Under RCP-SSP Scenarios: Fusing Land and Climate Changes," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, November.
    10. Ziyi Zhang & Juntao Du & Zhiyang Shen & Hassan El Asraoui & Malin Song, 2024. "Effects of modern agricultural demonstration zones on cropland utilization efficiency: An empirical study based on county pilot," Post-Print hal-04552705, HAL.
    11. Xinyu Hu & Chun Dong & Yu Zhang, 2024. "Impacts of Cropland Utilization Patterns on the Sustainable Use Efficiency of Cropland Based on the Human–Land Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-27, June.
    12. Chunxiao Wang & Mingqian Li & Xuefei Wang & Mengting Deng & Yulian Wu & Wuyang Hong, 2024. "Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Carbon Storage in Rapidly Urbanizing Shenzhen, China: Insights and Predictions," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, September.
    13. Dipankar Bera & Nilanjana Das Chatterjee & Santanu Dinda & Subrata Ghosh & Vivek Dhiman & Bashar Bashir & Beata Calka & Mohamed Zhran, 2024. "Assessment of Carbon Stock and Sequestration Dynamics in Response to Land Use and Land Cover Changes in a Tropical Landscape," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, October.
    14. Jianfeng Yao & Cancong Zhao & Xuefan Hu & Yingshan Jin & Yanling Li & Liming Cai & Zhuofan Li & Fang Li & Fang Liang, 2025. "A Method for Estimating Tree Growth Potential with Back Propagation Neural Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-15, February.
    15. Peiyuan Tao & Ye Lin & Xing Wang & Jiayan Li & Chao Ma & Zhenkun Wang & Xinyue Dong & Peng Yao & Ming Shao, 2023. "Optimization of Green Spaces in Plain Urban Areas to Enhance Carbon Sequestration," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-25, June.
    16. Yang You & Pingan Jiang & Yakun Wang & Wen’e Wang & Dianyu Chen & Xiaotao Hu, 2025. "Using Multi-Scenario Analyses to Determine the Driving Factors of Land Use in Inland River Basins in Arid Northwest China," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, April.
    17. Jia Liu & Yunfeng Hu & Zhiming Feng & Chiwei Xiao, 2025. "A Review of Land Use and Land Cover in Mainland Southeast Asia over Three Decades (1990–2023)," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-22, April.
    18. Conghui Zhou & Yun Wu, 2020. "A Planning Support Tool for Layout Integral Optimization of Urban Blue–Green Infrastructure," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-22, February.
    19. Xinran Zhou & Jinye Wang & Liang Tang & Wen He & Hui Li, 2025. "Impact of Land Use Change on Carbon Storage Dynamics in the Lijiang River Basin, China: A Complex Network Model Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-21, May.
    20. Changdong Ye & Pingping Deng & Chunpeng Ke & Xiaoping Fu & Jiyang Mi & Long Zhou, 2025. "A Framework for Assessing the Effectiveness of Carbon Storage Change During the Process of Land Consolidation," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-29, March.
    21. Nan Chen & Wanqing Nie & Weiguo Fan, 2025. "Simulation and Analysis of Changes in Carbon Storage and Ecosystem Services Against the Backdrop of Land Transfer: A Case Study in Lvzenong Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-26, March.
    22. Jingyi Zhang & Hanqi Ding & Jingkun Xu & Bohong Zheng, 2024. "A Simulation-Based Prediction of Land Use Change Impacts on Carbon Storage from a Regional Imbalance Perspective: A Case Study of Hunan Province, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, October.
    23. Georgios Papazoglou & Pandelis Biskas, 2023. "Review and Comparison of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Optimal Power Flow Problem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.
    24. Yibo Xu & Xiaohuang Liu & Lianrong Zhao & Hongyu Li & Ping Zhu & Run Liu & Chao Wang & Bo Wang, 2025. "Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Habitat Quality in the Yellow River Basin Based on Land-Use Transition and Its Driving Forces," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lu Han & Yanbo Qu & Shufeng Liang & Luyan Shi & Min Zhang & Haiyan Jia, 2024. "Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Land Ecological Security and Optimization Based on GeoSOS-FLUS Model: A Case Study of the Yellow River Delta in China Toward Sustainability," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Hongxu Chen & Jianrong Cao & Zhonglin Ji & Yanjun Liu, 2025. "Land Use and Land Cover Change and Its Impact on Carbon Stock in the Yellow River Delta Wetland Ecosystem of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Lei Zhang & Lili Xu & Mingzi Gao & Mingdong Zhou, 2024. "Can Agricultural Credit Promote the Green Transformation of China’s Agriculture?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Longsheng Huang & Yi Tang & Youtao Song & Jinghui Liu & Hua Shen & Yi Du, 2024. "Identifying and Optimizing the Ecological Security Pattern of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration from 2000 to 2030," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-28, July.
    5. Xiaoyan Han & Shuqing Cao & Jiahui Xiao & Jie Lyu & Guanqiu Yin, 2025. "Transforming Rural Livelihoods Through Land Consolidation: Evidence from China’s High-Standard Farmland Construction Policy," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-19, October.
    6. Qiaoyin Zhang & Yan Wu & Zhiqiang Zhao, 2024. "Identification of Harbin Ecological Function Degradation Areas Based on Ecological Importance Assessment and Ecological Sensitivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-17, August.
    7. Xuelan Li & Rui Guan, 2023. "How Does Agricultural Mechanization Service Affect Agricultural Green Transformation in China?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-23, January.
    8. Wenjun Peng & Xinqiang Zou & Yanyan Huang & Hui Li, 2025. "Quantifying and Optimizing Vegetation Carbon Storage in Building-Attached Green Spaces for Sustainable Urban Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-20, September.
    9. Lili Du & Yunbing Hou & Shuheng Zhong & Kai Qu, 2023. "Identification of Priority Areas for Ecological Restoration in Coal Mining Areas with a High Groundwater Table Based on Ecological Security Pattern and Ecological Vulnerability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, December.
    10. Bing-Bing Zhou & Jingyuan Liu & Xiaoke Wang, 2025. "Advancing Sustainability Through Land-Related Approaches: Insights from NRC (1999) and a Bold Call to Action," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-11, April.
    11. Rafael B. S. Veras & Clóvis B. M. Oliveira & Shigeaki L. de Lima & Osvaldo R. Saavedra & Denisson Q. Oliveira & Felipe M. Pimenta & Denivaldo C. P. Lopes & Audálio R. Torres Junior & Francisco L. A. N, 2023. "Assessing Economic Complementarity in Wind–Solar Hybrid Power Plants Connected to the Brazilian Grid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    12. Cheng Luo & Yu Du & Yu Xia & Zhen Yan, 2025. "Place‐Based Policies, New Agricultural Operating Entities Development, and Structural Transformation in China," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 56(6), pages 1042-1057, November.
    13. Yongyong Fu & Wenjia Zhang & Feng Gao & Xu Bi & Ping Wang & Xiaojun Wang, 2024. "Ecological Security Pattern Construction in Loess Plateau Areas—A Case Study of Shanxi Province, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Haltor Mataifa & Senthil Krishnamurthy & Carl Kriger, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of the Particle Swarm Optimization and Primal-Dual Interior-Point Algorithms for Transmission System Volt/VAR Optimization in Rectangular Voltage Coordinates," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-29, September.
    15. Bingbing Hu & Shiyuan Zhou & Pingjia Luo & Hao Chen, 2024. "Assessment of Habitat Services and Gradient Zoning Optimization in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas from a Social–Ecological Coupling Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-24, December.
    16. Kaoud, Omar G. & Elbassoussi, Muhammad H. & Abido, M.A. & Zubair, Syed M., 2026. "Optimized solar and wind-powered RO systems for sustainable water solutions in Sinai resorts using different optimization techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    17. Alessandro Niccolai & Silvia Trimarchi & Lisa Francesca Barbazza & Alessandro Gandelli & Riccardo Zich & Francesco Grimaccia & Sonia Leva, 2025. "Effective Customization of Evolutionary Algorithm-Based Energy Management System Optimization for Improved Battery Management in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-25, May.
    18. Yukuan Dong & Xi Chen & Dongyang Lv & Qiushi Wang, 2023. "Evaluation of Urban Green Space Supply and Demand Based on Mobile Signal Data: Taking the Central Area of Shenyang City as an Example," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-20, September.
    19. Weijuan Li & Jinyong Guo & Tian Xie, 2025. "Impact of Non-Agricultural Labor Transfer on the Ecological Efficiency of Cultivated Land: Evidence from China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.
    20. Wei Yao & Yingyu Zhu & Shuyao Liu & Yan Zhang, 2024. "Can Agricultural Socialized Services Promote Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity? From the Perspective of Production Factor Allocation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-26, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:7:p:1418-:d:1695823. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.