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Preliminary Model-Based Evaluation of Water Conservation Strategies in a Semi-Arid Urban Zone

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  • Marcelino Antonio Zúñiga-Estrada

    (Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico)

  • Liliana Lizárraga-Mendiola

    (Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico)

  • Carlos Alfredo Bigurra-Alzati

    (Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico)

  • Sergio Esteban Aldana-Alonso

    (Laboratorio Nacional de Vivienda y Comunidades Sustentables, Sede Centro Universitario de Arte Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad de Guadalajara, Calzada Independencia Nte. 5075, Huentitán El Bajo 44250, Mexico)

  • Jorge Santiago Ramírez-Núñez

    (Laboratorio Nacional de Vivienda y Comunidades Sustentables, Sede Centro Universitario de Arte Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad de Guadalajara, Calzada Independencia Nte. 5075, Huentitán El Bajo 44250, Mexico)

  • Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez

    (Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma 42086, Mexico)

Abstract

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stormwater management model was applied to a semi-arid urban micro watershed. The sub-catchment’s current features were modeled as scenario A, while the insertion of a set of LID technologies (rain barrels, bioretention cells, permeable pavement, and infiltration trenches) was represented as scenario B. A third scenario (C), considering only the most feasible LID technologies, was also modeled. All the scenarios were evaluated under two representative storm events (30 and 9 mm in two consecutive days, and 39 mm of rainfall in one day) occurred during the sampling performed in this study. Water quality was also simulated for a 30-mm storm event and compared against field assessment results after a real 30-mm storm event. Through the model, the inefficiency of current evacuation methods after 30- and 39-mm storm events was demonstrated. Simulation of scenario B showed that LID technologies could satisfactorily diminish peak flows generated by the selected storm events as well as runoff-conveyed pollution, while the realistic scenario allowed a lower but satisfactory hydrological performance and almost the same runoff quality than scenario B. This preliminary study could contribute to spread awareness about the benefits of LID technologies in semi-arid urban areas of the developing world.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcelino Antonio Zúñiga-Estrada & Liliana Lizárraga-Mendiola & Carlos Alfredo Bigurra-Alzati & Sergio Esteban Aldana-Alonso & Jorge Santiago Ramírez-Núñez & Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez, 2022. "Preliminary Model-Based Evaluation of Water Conservation Strategies in a Semi-Arid Urban Zone," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:1:p:101-:d:720238
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. L. Burrell & J. P. Evans & M. G. De Kauwe, 2020. "Anthropogenic climate change has driven over 5 million km2 of drylands towards desertification," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
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