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Challenges in the Geo-Processing of Big Soil Spatial Data

Author

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  • Leonidas Liakos

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), IT-21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Panos Panagos

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), IT-21027 Ispra, Italy)

Abstract

This study addressed a critical resource—soil—through the prism of processing big data at the continental scale. Rapid progress in technology and remote sensing has majorly improved data processing on extensive spatial and temporal scales. Here, the manuscript presents the results of a systematic effort to geo-process and analyze soil-relevant data. In addition, the main highlights include the difficulties associated with using data infrastructures, managing big geospatial data, decentralizing operations through remote access, mass processing, and automating the data-processing workflow using advanced programming languages. Challenges to this study included the reproducibility of the results, their presentation in a communicative way, and the harmonization of complex heterogeneous data in space and time based on high standards of accuracy. Accuracy was especially important as the results needed to be identical at all spatial scales (from point counts to aggregated countrywide data). The geospatial modeling of soil requires analysis at multiple spatial scales, from the pixel level, through multiple territorial units (national or regional), and river catchments, to the global scale. Advanced mapping methods (e.g., zonal statistics, map algebra, choropleth maps, and proportional symbols) were used to convey comprehensive and substantial information that would be of use to policymakers. More specifically, a variety of cartographic practices were employed, including vector and raster visualization and hexagon grid maps at the global or European scale and in several cartographic projections. The information was rendered in both grid format and as aggregated statistics per polygon (zonal statistics), combined with diagrams and an advanced graphical interface. The uncertainty was estimated and the results were validated in order to present the outputs in the most robust way. The study was also interdisciplinary in nature, requiring large-scale datasets to be integrated from different scientific domains, such as soil science, geography, hydrology, chemistry, climate change, and agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonidas Liakos & Panos Panagos, 2022. "Challenges in the Geo-Processing of Big Soil Spatial Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:12:p:2287-:d:1002094
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Eline Moens & Louis Lippens & Philippe Sterkens & Johannes Weytjens & Stijn Baert, 2022. "The COVID-19 crisis and telework: a research survey on experiences, expectations and hopes," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 23(4), pages 729-753, June.
    2. Nick Barnes, 2010. "Publish your computer code: it is good enough," Nature, Nature, vol. 467(7317), pages 753-753, October.
    3. Köninger, Julia & Lugato, Emanuele & Panagos, Panos & Kochupillai, Mrinalini & Orgiazzi, Alberto & Briones, Maria J.I., 2021. "Manure management and soil biodiversity: Towards more sustainable food systems in the EU," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    4. Montanarella, Luca & Panagos, Panos, 2021. "The relevance of sustainable soil management within the European Green Deal," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
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    1. Dorijan Radočaj & Mladen Jurišić & Irena Rapčan & Fran Domazetović & Rina Milošević & Ivan Plaščak, 2023. "An Independent Validation of SoilGrids Accuracy for Soil Texture Components in Croatia," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, May.

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