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Changes in and Predictors of HIV among People Who Inject Drugs in Mizoram, Northeast India, from 2007 to 2021

Author

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  • Lucy Ngaihbanglovi Pachuau

    (School of Health Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia)

  • Caterina Tannous

    (School of Health Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia)

  • Richard Lalramhluna Chawngthu

    (Mizoram State AIDS Control Society, Mizoram 796012, India)

  • Kingsley Emwinyore Agho

    (School of Health Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
    Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, NSW 2571, Australia
    Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa)

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the changes in and predictors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Mizoram, Northeast India, over a period of 15 years (2007–2021). A sample of 14783 PWID was extracted from the Targeted Intervention (TI) services under the Mizoram State AIDS Control Society (MSACS). A chi-square test was used to compare the differences in HIV prevalence across the three 5-year periods, and a multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors after adjusting for sociodemographic, injecting and sexual behaviours. The results showed that compared to 2007–2011, HIV prevalence was almost three times higher in 2012–2016 (AOR 2.35; 95% CI 2.07–2.66) and almost two times higher in 2017–2021 (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.24–1.59). The results suggest that participants who were females (AOR 2.35; 95% CI 2.07–2.66), married (AOR 1.13; 95% CI 1.00–1.27), separated/divorced/widowed (AOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.54–1.96), of middle school level education (AOR 1.24; 95% CI 1.06–1.44), sharing needles/syringes (AOR 1.78; 95% CI 1.61–1.98) and receiving a regular monthly income were positively associated with HIV infection. Condom use with a regular partner (AOR 0.77; 95% CI 0.70–0.85) was high among PWID. Despite targeted interventions under MSACS to reduce HIV in Mizoram, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among PWID remained high between 2007 and 2021. Policymakers and stakeholders should tailor future interventions based on the factors identified in this study that are associated with HIV infection. Our findings highlight the importance of socio-cultural factors in HIV epidemiology among PWID in Mizoram.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucy Ngaihbanglovi Pachuau & Caterina Tannous & Richard Lalramhluna Chawngthu & Kingsley Emwinyore Agho, 2023. "Changes in and Predictors of HIV among People Who Inject Drugs in Mizoram, Northeast India, from 2007 to 2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:10:p:5871-:d:1150612
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. El-Bassel, N. & Gilbert, L. & Wu, E. & Go, H. & Hill, J., 2005. "Relationship between drug abuse and intimate partner violence: A longitudinal study among women receiving methadone," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(3), pages 465-470.
    2. Kim, Jaehoon & Kim, Sangsin, 2015. "2012년 국회법 개정의 효과 연구 [A Study on the Effect of the 2012 National Assembly Act Amendment]," KDI Research Monographs, Korea Development Institute (KDI), volume 127, number v:2015-03(k):y:2015:p:1-1.
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