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Prevalence of Antibiotic Use and Disposal at Household Level in Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya

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  • Kellen J. Karimi

    (Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 19676-00202, Kenya)

  • Aijaz Ahmad

    (Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Adriano Duse

    (Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Mutuku Mwanthi

    (Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 19676-00202, Kenya)

  • Richard Ayah

    (Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 19676-00202, Kenya)

Abstract

The use and abuse of antibiotics are directly related to the development of drug resistance, a global public health problem. Whereas the majority of research focus is on the use and misuse of antibiotics in drug resistance development, little is known about improper disposal, as a source of contamination in the environment that includes groundwater, especially in informal settlements. This study sought to determine antibiotic use and disposal in informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya. A random cross-sectional sample of 447 households in selected informal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya was studied. A structured questionnaire was issued to persons heading households. The prevalence of antibiotic use was 43% (n = 193). Among these people, 74% (n = 144) had consulted a health worker in a healthcare facility for a prescription. Respondents did not always complete doses but kept the remainder for the next time they would become ill (54%). About 32% disposed of the remainder of the antibiotics in pit latrines and compost pits (10%) while 4% disposed through burning. Antibiotic use was fairly high despite a low level of awareness of the health effects of consuming water contaminated with antibiotics (35%) (n = 156); p = 0.03. Misuse and inappropriate disposal of antibiotics as identified may lead to a higher risk of antibiotic resistance, increasing the disease burden in the informal settlements.

Suggested Citation

  • Kellen J. Karimi & Aijaz Ahmad & Adriano Duse & Mutuku Mwanthi & Richard Ayah, 2022. "Prevalence of Antibiotic Use and Disposal at Household Level in Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:287-:d:1013921
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chipo Mutyambizi & Tholang Mokhele & Catherine Ndinda & Charles Hongoro, 2020. "Access to and Satisfaction with Basic Services in Informal Settlements: Results from a Baseline Assessment Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Government of India, 2017. "National Health Policy 2017," Working Papers id:11664, eSocialSciences.
    3. Joseph Okotto-Okotto & Lorna Okotto & Heather Price & Steve Pedley & Jim Wright, 2015. "A Longitudinal Study of Long-Term Change in Contamination Hazards and Shallow Well Quality in Two Neighbourhoods of Kisumu, Kenya," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, April.
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