IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i5p3016-d764189.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Influence of Particle Size and Zeta Potential in Treating Highly Coloured Old Landfill Leachate by Tin Tetrachloride and Rubber Seed

Author

Listed:
  • Siti Fatihah Ramli

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Hamidi Abdul Aziz

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia
    Solid Waste Management Cluster, Science and Technology Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Fatehah Mohd Omar

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Suffian Yusoff

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia
    Solid Waste Management Cluster, Science and Technology Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Herni Halim

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Mohamad Anuar Kamaruddin

    (School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia)

  • Kamar Shah Ariffin

    (School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seberang Perai 14300, Malaysia)

  • Yung-Tse Hung

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA)

Abstract

Old leachate normally has a low organic compound content, poor biodegradability and is hard to biologically treat. The efficacy of tetravalent metal salts as a coagulant and the application of a natural coagulant as a flocculant in landfill leachate treatment is still inconclusive. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the potential application of tin tetrachloride (SnCl 4 ) as the main coagulant and the rubber seed ( Hevea brasiliensis ) (RS) as the natural coagulant aid as the sole treatment in eradicating highly coloured and turbid stabilised landfill leachate present at one of the old local landfills in Malaysia. The standard jar test conducted revealed that SnCl 4 was able to eliminate 99% and 97.3% of suspended solids (SS) and colour, respectively, at pH8, with 10,000 mg/L dosages, an average particle size of 2419 d·nm, and a zeta potential (ZP) of −0.4 mV. However, RS was found to be ineffective as the main coagulant and could only remove 46.7% of SS and 76.5% of colour at pH3 with 6000 mg/L dosages, and also exhibited smaller particles (933 d·nm) with ZP values of −6.3 mV. When used as a coagulant aid, the polymer bridging mechanism in RS helped in reducing the SnCl 4 concentration from 10,000 mg/L to 8000 mg/L by maintaining the same performances. The presence of 1000 mg/L RS as a coagulant aid was able to remove 100% of SS and 97.6% of colour. The study concluded that RS has the potential to be used together with SnCl 4 in treating concentrated leachate with SS and colour.

Suggested Citation

  • Siti Fatihah Ramli & Hamidi Abdul Aziz & Fatehah Mohd Omar & Mohd Suffian Yusoff & Herni Halim & Mohamad Anuar Kamaruddin & Kamar Shah Ariffin & Yung-Tse Hung, 2022. "Influence of Particle Size and Zeta Potential in Treating Highly Coloured Old Landfill Leachate by Tin Tetrachloride and Rubber Seed," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:3016-:d:764189
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/5/3016/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/5/3016/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Schramski, J.R. & Rutz, Z.J. & Gattie, D.K. & Li, K., 2011. "Trophically balanced sustainable agriculture," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 88-96.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Khan, Syed Abdul Rehman & Zaman, Khalid & Zhang, Yu, 2016. "The relationship between energy-resource depletion, climate change, health resources and the environmental Kuznets curve: Evidence from the panel of selected developed countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 468-477.
    2. Zhen, Wei & Qin, Quande & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2017. "Spatio-temporal patterns of energy consumption-related GHG emissions in China's crop production systems," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 274-284.
    3. Saskia M. Van Ruth & Ries De Visser, 2015. "Provenancing Flower Bulbs by Analytical Fingerprinting: Convallaria Majalis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Julia Cagé, 2014. "Media Competition, Information Provision and Political Participation," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03602440, HAL.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/16juu6v6rg8rq8nl0u1grb4jm6 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Kyoung S. Ro & Isabel M. Lima & Guidqopuram B. Reddy & Michael A. Jackson & Bin Gao, 2015. "Removing Gaseous NH 3 Using Biochar as an Adsorbent," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-12, September.
    7. Steven Liaros, 2021. "Circular Food Futures: What Will They Look Like?," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.
    8. Rosaria Rita Canale, 2015. "Fiscal Adjustment in Times of Crisis: The Case of the Euro-Area," International Journal of Financial Markets, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 1(1), pages 8-17.
    9. Ian Thomas & Kathryn Hegarty & Stuart Whitman & Val Macgregor, 2012. "Professional Associations," Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, , vol. 6(1), pages 121-136, March.
    10. Gathorne-Hardy, Alfred & Reddy, D. Narasimha & Venkatanarayana, M. & Harriss-White, Barbara, 2016. "System of Rice Intensification provides environmental and economic gains but at the expense of social sustainability — A multidisciplinary analysis in India," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 159-168.
    11. Adams, Carol A. & Potter, Brad & Singh, Prakash J. & York, Jodi, 2016. "Exploring the implications of integrated reporting for social investment (disclosures)," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 283-296.
    12. Maria A. Barrufet & Elena M. Castell-Perez & Rosana G. Moreira, 2022. "Capture of CO2 and Water While Driving for Use in the Food and Agricultural Systems," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.
    13. Potts, Jason & Kastelle, Tim, 2017. "Economics of innovation in Australian agricultural economics and policy," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 96-104.
    14. Schramski, J.R. & Jacobsen, K.L. & Smith, T.W. & Williams, M.A. & Thompson, T.M., 2013. "Energy as a potential systems-level indicator of sustainability in organic agriculture: Case study model of a diversified, organic vegetable production system," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 267(C), pages 102-114.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:3016-:d:764189. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.