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Emergency Department Visits for Heat-Related Emergency Conditions in the United States from 2008–2020

Author

Listed:
  • Penelope Dring

    (College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
    Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA)

  • Megan Armstrong

    (Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
    Center for Injury Research and Policy, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA)

  • Robin Alexander

    (Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

  • Henry Xiang

    (Center for Pediatric Trauma Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
    Center for Injury Research and Policy, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
    College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
    College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

Abstract

Exposure to high temperatures is detrimental to human health. As climate change is expected to increase the frequency of extreme heat events, and raise ambient temperatures, an investigation into the trend of heat-related emergency department (ED) visits over the past decade is necessary to assess the human health impact of this growing public health crisis. ED visits were examined using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. Visits were included if the diagnostic field contained an ICD-9-CM or ICD-10-CM code specific to heat-related emergency conditions. Weighted counts were generated using the study design and weighting variables, to estimate the national burden of heat-related ED visits. A total of 1,078,432 weighted visits were included in this study. The annual incidence rate per 100,000 population increased by an average of 2.85% per year, ranging from 18.21 in 2009, to 32.34 in 2018. The total visit burden was greatest in the South (51.55%), with visits increasing to the greatest degree in the Midwest (8.52%). ED visit volume was greatest in July (29.79%), with visits increasing to the greatest degree in July (15.59%) and March (13.18%). An overall increase in heat-related ED visits for heat-related emergency conditions was found during the past decade across the United States, affecting patients in all regions and during all seasons.

Suggested Citation

  • Penelope Dring & Megan Armstrong & Robin Alexander & Henry Xiang, 2022. "Emergency Department Visits for Heat-Related Emergency Conditions in the United States from 2008–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:14781-:d:968548
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laurel Harduar Morano & Sharon Watkins & Kristina Kintziger, 2016. "A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Burden of Heat-Related Illness and Death within the Florida Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Dana Habeeb & Jason Vargo & Brian Stone, 2015. "Rising heat wave trends in large US cities," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 76(3), pages 1651-1665, April.
    3. Bo Li & Steve Sain & Linda Mearns & Henry Anderson & Sari Kovats & Kristie Ebi & Marni Bekkedal & Marty Kanarek & Jonathan Patz, 2012. "The impact of extreme heat on morbidity in Milwaukee, Wisconsin," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 110(3), pages 959-976, February.
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