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Lessons from an International Initiative to Set and Share Good Practice on Human Health in Environmental Impact Assessment

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  • Ben Cave

    (BCA Insight Ireland Ltd., D02FY24 Dublin, Ireland
    International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), Fargo, ND 58103-3705, USA
    European Public Health Association (EUPHA), Post Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands
    Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Ryngan Pyper

    (BCA Insight Ireland Ltd., D02FY24 Dublin, Ireland
    International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), Fargo, ND 58103-3705, USA)

  • Birgitte Fischer-Bonde

    (BCA Insight Ireland Ltd., D02FY24 Dublin, Ireland
    International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), Fargo, ND 58103-3705, USA
    Fischer-Bonde Consulting, 1727 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Sarah Humboldt-Dachroeden

    (International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), Fargo, ND 58103-3705, USA
    Department of Social Science and Business, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark)

  • Piedad Martin-Olmedo

    (European Public Health Association (EUPHA), Post Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands
    Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica, 18011 Granada, Spain
    Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is applied to infrastructure and other large projects. The European Union EIA Directive (2011/92/EU as amended by 2014/52/EU) requires EIAs to consider the effects that a project might have on human health. The International Association for Impact Assessment and the European Public Health Association prepared a reference paper on public health in EIA to enable the health sector to contribute to this international requirement. We present lessons from this joint action. We review literature on policy analysis, impact assessment and Health Impact Assessment (HIA). We use findings from this review and from the consultation on the reference paper to consider how population and human health should be defined; how the health sector can participate in the EIA process; the relationship between EIA and HIA; what counts as evidence; when an effect should be considered ‘likely’ and ‘significant’; how changes in health should be reported; the risks from a business-as-usual coverage of human health in EIA; and finally competencies for conducting an assessment of human health. This article is relevant for health authorities seeking to ensure that infrastructure, and other aspects of development, are not deleterious to, but indeed improve, human health.

Suggested Citation

  • Ben Cave & Ryngan Pyper & Birgitte Fischer-Bonde & Sarah Humboldt-Dachroeden & Piedad Martin-Olmedo, 2021. "Lessons from an International Initiative to Set and Share Good Practice on Human Health in Environmental Impact Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1392-:d:492324
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    Cited by:

    1. Jinhee Kim & Fiona Anne Haigh, 2021. "HIA and EIA Are Different, but Maybe Not in the Way We Thought They Were: A Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-15, August.
    2. Wenbing Luo & Zhongping Deng & Shihu Zhong & Mingjun Deng, 2022. "Trends, Issues and Future Directions of Urban Health Impact Assessment Research: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-23, May.
    3. Dante Rodríguez-Luna & Francisco Javier Alcalá & Francisco Encina-Montoya & Nuria Vela, 2022. "The Environmental Impact Assessment of Sanitation Projects in Chile: Overview and Improvement Opportunities Focused on Follow-Ups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Jose Luis Ortega-Pozo & Francisco Javier Alcalá & José Manuel Poyatos & Jaime Martín-Pascual, 2022. "Wastewater Reuse for Irrigation Agriculture in Morocco: Influence of Regulation on Feasible Implementation," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Liz Green & Kathryn Ashton & Lee Parry-Williams & Mariana Dyakova & Timo Clemens & Mark A. Bellis, 2022. "Facilitators, Barriers and Views on the Role of Public Health Institutes in Promoting and Using Health Impact Assessment—An International Virtual Scoping Survey and Expert Interviews," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-14, October.

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