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The Role of Exercise Training on Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review

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  • Paola Gonzalo-Encabo

    (Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, 28871 Madrid, Spain
    Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    P.G.-E. and G.M. shared first-authorship.)

  • Gonzalo Maldonado

    (Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, 28871 Madrid, Spain
    P.G.-E. and G.M. shared first-authorship.)

  • David Valadés

    (Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, 28871 Madrid, Spain)

  • Carmen Ferragut

    (Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, 28871 Madrid, Spain)

  • Alberto Pérez-López

    (Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Área de Educación Física y Deportiva, 28871 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Low-grade systemic inflammation leads to critical alterations of several tissues and organs that can promote the appearance of non-communicable diseases, a risk that is increased in adults with obesity. Exercise training may counteract low-grade systemic inflammation, but there is a lack of consensus on how cytokines are modulated by training in adults with obesity. This study aimed of examining the effects of exercise training on circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in adults with overweight and obesity, and whether exercise-induced fat mass reduction could mediate that effect. The search was conducted on Medline (Pubmed), SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases from January 1998 to August 2021, using keywords pertaining to inflammation, exercise, and obesity. A total of 27 studies were selected, in which the circulating concentration levels of cytokines were analyzed. Endurance training (ET) decreased circulating CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. TNF-α was reduced after resistance and concurrent training (CT), while IL-10 increased after resistance training (RT). Changes in IL-10 and CRP coincided with fat mass reduction, while decreased TNF-α levels were concomitant with changes in IL-6 and IL-10. Exercise training may reduce systemic low-grade inflammation profile in adults with overweight and obesity.

Suggested Citation

  • Paola Gonzalo-Encabo & Gonzalo Maldonado & David Valadés & Carmen Ferragut & Alberto Pérez-López, 2021. "The Role of Exercise Training on Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13258-:d:703732
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gökhan S. Hotamisligil, 2006. "Inflammation and metabolic disorders," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7121), pages 860-867, December.
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    1. Sang-Dol Kim & Young-Ran Yeun, 2022. "Effects of Resistance Training on C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Cristina Mennitti & Annaluisa Ranieri & Ersilia Nigro & Lorella Tripodi & Mariarita Brancaccio & Jacopo Ulisse & Luca Gentile & Fabio Fimiani & Arturo Cesaro & Giovanni D’Alicandro & Giuseppe Limongel, 2022. "The Impact of Physical Exercise on Obesity in a Cohort of Southern Italian Obese Children: Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk and Immune System Biomarkers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14, December.

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