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A Cluster Analysis of Risk Factors for Cancer across EU Countries: Health Policy Recommendations for Prevention

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  • Dawid Majcherek

    (Collegium of World Economy, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, 02-554 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Marzenna Anna Weresa

    (World Economy Research Institute, Collegium of World Economy, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, 02-554 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Christina Ciecierski

    (Department of Economics, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA)

Abstract

Cancer burden in the European Union (EU) is increasing and has stimulated the European Commission (EC) to develop strategies for cancer control. A common “one size fits all” prevention policy may not be effective in reducing cancer morbidity and mortality. The goal of this paper is to show that EU member states are not homogenous in terms of their exposure to risk factors for cancer (i.e., lifestyle, socio-economic status (SES), air pollution, and vaccination). Data from a variety of sources including Eurostat, the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, the European Health Interview Survey, Eurobarometer, and the European Environment Agency were merged across years 2013–2015 and used to develop a cluster analysis. This work identified four patterns of cancer prevention behaviors in the EU thus making it possible to group EU members states into four distinct country clusters including: sports-engaged countries, tobacco and pollutant exposed nations, unhealthy lifestyle countries, and a stimulant-enjoying cluster of countries. This paper finds that there is a need for closer collaboration among EU countries belonging to the same cluster in order to share best practices regarding health policy measures that might improve cancer control interventions locally and across the EU.

Suggested Citation

  • Dawid Majcherek & Marzenna Anna Weresa & Christina Ciecierski, 2021. "A Cluster Analysis of Risk Factors for Cancer across EU Countries: Health Policy Recommendations for Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8142-:d:606333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Golo Henseke, 2018. "Good jobs, good pay, better health? The effects of job quality on health among older European workers," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 19(1), pages 59-73, January.
    2. Clifford Afoakwah & Son Nghiem & Paul Scuffham & Quan Huynh & Tom Marwick & Joshua Byrnes, 2020. "Impacts of air pollution on health: evidence from longitudinal cohort data of patients with cardiovascular diseases," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 21(7), pages 1025-1038, September.
    3. Dawid Majcherek & Marzenna Anna Weresa & Christina Ciecierski, 2020. "Understanding Regional Risk Factors for Cancer: A Cluster Analysis of Lifestyle, Environment and Socio-Economic Status in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Maciej Polak & Agnieszka Genowska & Krystyna Szafraniec & Justyna Fryc & Jacek Jamiołkowski & Andrzej Pająk, 2019. "Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-13, May.
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