IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i11p5541-d560000.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Space-Time Cluster’s Detection and Geographical Weighted Regression Analysis of COVID-19 Mortality on Texas Counties

Author

Listed:
  • Jinting Zhang

    (School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Xiu Wu

    (Department of Geography, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA)

  • T. Edwin Chow

    (Department of Geography, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA)

Abstract

As COVID-19 run rampant in high-density housing sites, it is important to use real-time data in tracking the virus mobility. Emerging cluster detection analysis is a precise way of blunting the spread of COVID-19 as quickly as possible and save lives. To track compliable mobility of COVID-19 on a spatial-temporal scale, this research appropriately analyzed the disparities between spatial-temporal clusters, expectation maximization clustering (EM), and hierarchical clustering (HC) analysis on Texas county-level. Then, based on the outcome of clustering analysis, the sensitive counties are Cottle, Stonewall, Bexar, Tarrant, Dallas, Harris, Jim hogg, and Real, corresponding to Southeast Texas analysis in Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) modeling. The sensitive period took place in the last two quarters in 2020 and the first quarter in 2021. We explored PostSQL application to portray tracking Covid-19 trajectory. We captured 14 social, economic, and environmental impact’s indices to perform principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality and minimize multicollinearity. By using the PCA, we extracted five factors related to mortality of COVID-19, involved population and hospitalization, adult population, natural supply, economic condition, air quality or medical care. We established the GWR model to seek the sensitive factors. The result shows that adult population, economic condition, air quality, and medical care are the sensitive factors. Those factors also triggered high increase of COVID-19 mortality. This research provides geographical understanding and solution of controlling COVID-19, reference of implementing geographically targeted ways to track virus mobility, and satisfy for the need of emergency operations plan (EOP).

Suggested Citation

  • Jinting Zhang & Xiu Wu & T. Edwin Chow, 2021. "Space-Time Cluster’s Detection and Geographical Weighted Regression Analysis of COVID-19 Mortality on Texas Counties," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5541-:d:560000
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5541/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/5541/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric Tate & Md Asif Rahman & Christopher T. Emrich & Christopher C. Sampson, 2021. "Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 106(1), pages 435-457, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nushrat Nazia & Zahid Ahmad Butt & Melanie Lyn Bedard & Wang-Choi Tang & Hibah Sehar & Jane Law, 2022. "Methods Used in the Spatial and Spatiotemporal Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemiology: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-28, July.
    2. Abolfazl Mollalo & Moosa Tatar, 2021. "Spatial Modeling of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Krzysztof Rząsa & Mateusz Ciski, 2022. "Influence of the Demographic, Social, and Environmental Factors on the COVID-19 Pandemic—Analysis of the Local Variations Using Geographically Weighted Regression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-26, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Thomas H. Douthat & Fahmida Akhter & Rachelle Sanderson & Jerrod Penn, 2023. "Stakeholder Perceptions about Incorporating Externalities and Vulnerability into Benefit–Cost Analysis Tools for Watershed Flood Risk Mitigation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Guignet, Dennis & Jenkins, Robin R. & Belke, James & Mason, Henry, 2023. "The property value impacts of industrial chemical accidents," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    3. Juan Francisco Sortino Barrionuevo & Hugo Castro Noblejas & Matías Francisco Mérida Rodríguez, 2024. "Mapping Tools for Flood Risk Rescue and Assistance Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-25, January.
    4. Ismallianto Isia & Tony Hadibarata & Muhammad Noor Hazwan Jusoh & Rajib Kumar Bhattacharjya & Noor Fifinatasha Shahedan & Norma Latif Fitriyani & Muhammad Syafrudin, 2023. "Identifying Factors to Develop and Validate Social Vulnerability to Floods in Malaysia: A Systematic Review Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-21, August.
    5. Welsch, David M. & Winden, Matthew W. & Zimmer, David M., 2022. "The effect of flood mitigation spending on flood damage: Accounting for dynamic feedback," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    6. Pollack, Adam & Helgeson, Casey & Kousky, Carolyn & Keller, Klaus, 2023. "Transparency on underlying values is needed for useful equity measurements," OSF Preprints kvyxr, Center for Open Science.
    7. Amama, S. A. & Arokoyu S. B. & Obafemi A. A., 2023. "The study examined the spatial assessment of the relationship between social vulnerability and resilience to flooding in the Core Niger delta, Nigeria. Abstract: The study made use of 400 copies of qu," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(10), pages 589-600, October.
    8. Kelsea Best & Siobhan Kerr & Allison Reilly & Anand Patwardhan & Deb Niemeier & Seth Guikema, 2023. "Spatial regression identifies socioeconomic inequality in multi-stage power outage recovery after Hurricane Isaac," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 117(1), pages 851-873, May.
    9. Arvind Chandra Pandey & Kavita Kaushik & Bikash Ranjan Parida, 2022. "Google Earth Engine for Large-Scale Flood Mapping Using SAR Data and Impact Assessment on Agriculture and Population of Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-22, April.
    10. Kristen N. Cowan & Meghan Peterson & Katherine LeMasters & Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, 2022. "Overlapping Crises: Climate Disaster Susceptibility and Incarceration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-6, June.
    11. Linda Shi & Anjali Fisher & Rebecca M. Brenner & Amelia Greiner-Safi & Christine Shepard & Jamie Vanucchi, 2022. "Equitable buyouts? Learning from state, county, and local floodplain management programs," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 174(3), pages 1-20, October.
    12. Viviana Pappalardo & Daniele La Rosa, 2023. "Spatial Analysis of Flood Exposure and Vulnerability for Planning More Equal Mitigation Actions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.
    13. Kevin T. Smiley & Ilan Noy & Michael F. Wehner & Dave Frame & Christopher C. Sampson & Oliver E. J. Wing, 2022. "Social inequalities in climate change-attributed impacts of Hurricane Harvey," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    14. Walls, Margaret A. & Ferreira, Celso & Liao, Yanjun (Penny) & Pesek, Sophie, 2023. "Jobs at Risk: Sea Level Rise, Coastal Flooding, and Local Economies," RFF Working Paper Series 23-12, Resources for the Future.
    15. J. Connor Darlington & Niko Yiannakoulias & Amin Elshorbagy, 2022. "Changes in social vulnerability to flooding: a quasi-experimental analysis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 111(3), pages 2487-2509, April.
    16. Joshua T. Fergen & Ryan D. Bergstrom, 2021. "Social Vulnerability across the Great Lakes Basin: A County-Level Comparative and Spatial Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-22, June.
    17. Juan Francisco Sortino Barrionuevo & Hugo Castro Noblejas & Francisco José Cantarero Prados, 2022. "Vulnerability to Flood Risk: A Methodological Proposal for Assessing the Isolation of the Population," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-24, February.
    18. Roberta Paranunzio & Iulia Anton & Elisa Adirosi & Tasneem Ahmed & Luca Baldini & Carlo Brandini & Filippo Giannetti & Cécil Meulenberg & Alberto Ortolani & Francesco Pilla & Gregorio Iglesias & Salem, 2023. "A New Approach towards a User-Driven Coastal Climate Service to Enhance Climate Resilience in European Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-27, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5541-:d:560000. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.