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Transtheoretical Model for Physical Activity in Older Adults: Systematic Review

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  • Fabio Jiménez-Zazo

    (PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Cristina Romero-Blanco

    (PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain)

  • Nuria Castro-Lemus

    (FENIX Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Alberto Dorado-Suárez

    (PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Susana Aznar

    (PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

Abstract

Healthy aging makes the practice of physical activity (PA) a necessity. However, PA guidelines achievement in older adults is scarce. The use of behavioral theories such as Transtheoretical Model (TTM), helps in older adults PA promotion. The aim of this review was to identify the use of TTM for PA in older adults (>60 years). PubMed, SPORTdiscus, and Medline databases were used to conduct the search. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA flow-diagram. We identified eight studies: Six were descriptive cross-sectional studies, one prospective-cohort study and one with a quasi-experimental design. Only two papers evaluated the four behavior change dimensions within the same study, three evaluated the processes of change and the decisional balance, four evaluated the exercise self-efficacy and all assessed the stages of change for PA behavior. From this review, we can conclude that TTM is a useful and suitable behavior model in creating, developing, and evaluating interventions with the aim of acquiring and improving PA habits in the older adults. However, there is paucity of research in this area, and more studies including the four behavioral change dimensions are needed to analyze the effect of TTM on the promotion of PA in the older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio Jiménez-Zazo & Cristina Romero-Blanco & Nuria Castro-Lemus & Alberto Dorado-Suárez & Susana Aznar, 2020. "Transtheoretical Model for Physical Activity in Older Adults: Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:24:p:9262-:d:460365
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    1. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Katarina Friberg-Felsted & Michael Caserta, 2023. "Essentials to Improve the Effectiveness of Healthy Aging Programming: Consideration of Social Determinants and Utilization of a Theoretical Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(15), pages 1-10, August.
    2. Fabio Jiménez-Zazo & Cristina Romero-Blanco & Esther Cabanillas & Asier Mañas & José A. Casajús & Narcís Gusi & Eva Gesteiro & Marcela González-Gross & José-Gerardo Villa-Vicente & Luis Espino-Toron &, 2022. "Differences among Sociodemographic Variables, Physical Fitness Levels, and Body Composition with Adherence to Regular Physical Activity in Older Adults from the EXERNET Multicenter Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-9, March.
    3. Taishi Tsuji & Satoru Kanamori & Yasuhiro Miyaguni & Katsunori Kondo, 2021. "Community-Level Sports Group Participation and Health Behaviors Among Older Non-Participants in a Sports Group: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-11, January.
    4. Hana Ko, 2021. "Daily Time Use by Activity of Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Focus on Health Management," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    5. Jezdancher Watti & Máté Millner & Kata Siklósi & Hedvig Kiss & Oguz Kelemen & Dávid Pócs, 2022. "Smokers’ Engagement Behavior on Facebook: Verbalizing and Visual Expressing the Smoking Cessation Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Maria Isabel Cardona & Marina Weißenborn & Isabel Zöllinger & Eric Sven Kroeber & Alexander Bauer & Melanie Luppa & Alexander Pabst & David Czock & Hans-Helmut König & Birgitt Wiese & Jochen Gensichen, 2022. "Physical Activity Determinants in Older German Adults at Increased Dementia Risk with Multimorbidity: Baseline Results of the AgeWell.de Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    7. Tomoya Yuasa & Fumiko Harada & Hiromitsu Shimakawa, 2022. "Estimation of Behavior Change Stage from Walking Information and Improvement of Walking Volume by Message Intervention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, February.

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