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Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NO 2 and PM Exposure: European Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Valentin Simoncic

    (LIVE UMR 7362 CNRS (Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France)

  • Christophe Enaux

    (LIVE UMR 7362 CNRS (Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France)

  • Séverine Deguen

    (EHESP School of Public Health, 35043 Rennes, France
    Department of Social Epidemiology, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (UMRS 1136), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, 75646 Paris, France)

  • Wahida Kihal-Talantikite

    (LIVE UMR 7362 CNRS (Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France)

Abstract

There is a growing number of international studies on the association between ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and this systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted focusing on European countries, to assess the crucial public health issue of this suspected association on this geographical area. A systematic literature search (based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA, guidelines) has been performed on all European epidemiological studies published up until 1 April 2020, on the association between maternal exposure during pregnancy to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) or particular matter (PM) and the risk of adverse birth outcomes, including: low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). Fourteen articles were included in the systematic review and nine of them were included in the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis was conducted for 2 combinations of NO 2 exposure related to birth weight and PTB. Our systematic review revealed that risk of LBW increases with the increase of air pollution exposure (including PM 10 , PM 2.5 and NO 2 ) during the whole pregnancy. Our meta-analysis found that birth weight decreases with NO 2 increase (pooled beta = −13.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−28.03, 0.77)) and the risk of PTB increase for 10 µg/m3 increase in NO 2 (pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.07, 95% CI (0.90, 1.28)). However, the results were not statistically significant. Our finding support the main international results, suggesting that increased air pollution exposure during pregnancy might contribute to adverse birth outcomes, especially LBW. This body of evidence has limitations that impede the formulation of firm conclusions. Further studies, well-focused on European countries, are called to resolve the limitations which could affect the strength of association such as: the exposure assessment, the critical windows of exposure during pregnancy, and the definition of adverse birth outcomes. This analysis of limitations of the current body of research could be used as a baseline for further studies and may serve as basis for reflection for research agenda improvements.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentin Simoncic & Christophe Enaux & Séverine Deguen & Wahida Kihal-Talantikite, 2020. "Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NO 2 and PM Exposure: European Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-70, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8116-:d:439516
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meltem Kutlar Joss & Marloes Eeftens & Emily Gintowt & Ron Kappeler & Nino Künzli, 2017. "Time to harmonize national ambient air quality standards," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 62(4), pages 453-462, May.
    2. Wahida Kihal-Talantikite & Pierre Legendre & Pauline Le Nouveau & Séverine Deguen, 2018. "Premature Adult Death and Equity Impact of a Reduction of NO 2 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 Levels in Paris—A Health Impact Assessment Study Conducted at the Census Block Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
    4. Wahida Kihal-Talantikite & Guadalupe Perez Marchetta & Séverine Deguen, 2020. "Infant Mortality Related to NO 2 and PM Exposure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-24, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcelle Virginia Canto & Mònica Guxens & Anna García-Altés & Maria José López & Marc Marí-Dell’Olmo & Javier García-Pérez & Rebeca Ramis, 2023. "Air Pollution and Birth Outcomes: Health Impact and Economic Value Assessment in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Wenzheng Zhou & Xin Ming & Yunping Yang & Yaqiong Hu & Ziyi He & Hongyan Chen & Yannan Li & Xiaojun Zhou & Ping Yin, 2022. "Association between Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Preterm Birth: A Birth Cohort Study in Chongqing, China, 2015–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Marcos A. Rangel & Romina Tomé, 2022. "Health and the Megacity: Urban Congestion, Air Pollution, and Birth Outcomes in Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-26, January.
    4. Valentin Simoncic & Séverine Deguen & Christophe Enaux & Stéphanie Vandentorren & Wahida Kihal-Talantikite, 2022. "A Comprehensive Review on Social Inequalities and Pregnancy Outcome—Identification of Relevant Pathways and Mechanisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-43, December.

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