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Local Retail Food Environment and Consumption of Fruit and Vegetable among Adults in Hong Kong

Author

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  • Ting Zhang

    (Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Bo Huang

    (Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
    Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
    Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China)

Abstract

Outside of western countries, the study of the local food environment and evidence for its association with dietary behavior is limited. The aim of this paper was to examine the association between the local retail food environment and consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) among adults in Hong Kong. Local retail food environment was measured by density of different types of retail food outlets (grocery stores, convenience stores, and fast food restaurants) within a 1000 m Euclidean buffer around individual’s homes using a geographic information system (GIS). The Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) was calculated based on the relative density of fast-food restaurants and convenience stores to grocery stores. Logistic regressions were performed to examine associations using cross-sectional data of 1977 adults (18 years or older). Overall, people living in an area with the highest RFEI (Q4, >5.76) had significantly greater odds of infrequent FV consumption (<7 days/week) after covariates adjustment (infrequent fruit consumption: OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.04–1.78; infrequent vegetable consumption: OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.11–2.68) in comparison to the lowest RFEI (Q1, <2.25). Highest density of fast food restaurants (Q4, >53) was also significantly associated with greater odds of infrequent fruit consumption (<7 days/week) (unadjusted model: OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.04–1.73), relative to lowest density of fast food restaurants (Q1, <13). No significant association of density of grocery stores or convenience stores was observed with infrequent FV consumption regardless of the covariates included in the model. Our results suggest that the ratio of fast-food restaurants and convenience stores to grocery stores near people’s home is an important environmental factor in meeting fruit and vegetable consumption guidelines. “Food swamps” (areas with an abundance of unhealthy foods) rather than “food deserts” (areas where there is limited access to healthy foods) seems to be more of a problem in Hong Kong’s urban areas. We advanced international literature by providing evidence in a non-western setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Ting Zhang & Bo Huang, 2018. "Local Retail Food Environment and Consumption of Fruit and Vegetable among Adults in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:10:p:2247-:d:175537
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maggie Lau & Jonathan Bradshaw, 2018. "Material Well-being, Social Relationships and Children’s Overall Life Satisfaction in Hong Kong," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(1), pages 185-205, February.
    2. Luana Romão Nogueira & Mariane De Mello Fontanelli & Breno Souza de Aguiar & Marcelo Antunes Failla & Alex Antonio Florindo & Ligia Vizeu Barrozo & Moisés Goldbaum & Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar & Maria , 2018. "Access to Street Markets and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables by Adolescents Living in São Paulo, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Jayanthi Krishnan & Eric Press, 2003. "The North American Industry Classification System and Its Implications for Accounting Research," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(4), pages 685-717, December.
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    2. Pawinee Iamtrakul & Sararad Chayphong, 2024. "Exploring Spatial Accessibility to Urban Activities Based on the Transit-Oriented Development Concept in Pathum Thani, Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Taekyung Seong & Sugie Lee, 2024. "Spatial Disparity of Neighborhood Food Environment by Socioeconomic Status: Application of Urban Network Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Ting Zhang & Bo Huang & Hung Wong & Samuel Yeung-shan Wong & Roger Yat-Nork Chung, 2022. "Public Rental Housing and Obesogenic Behaviors among Adults in Hong Kong: Mediator Role of Food and Physical Activity Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-14, March.
    5. Bailey Glover & Liang Mao & Yujie Hu & Jiawen Zhang, 2022. "Enhancing the Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) with Neighborhood Commuting Patterns: A Hybrid Human−Environment Measure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Catherine Paquet, 2019. "Environmental Influences on Food Behaviour," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-4, August.

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