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The Economic Burden of Violence against Children in South Africa

Author

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  • Xiangming Fang

    (College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghuadong Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
    School of Public Health, Georgia State University, 140 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA)

  • Xiaodong Zheng

    (College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghuadong Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Deborah A. Fry

    (Moray House School of Education, St John’s Land, 2.02, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh EH8 8AQ, Scotland)

  • Gary Ganz

    (Department of Psychology and Safety and Violence Initiative, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa)

  • Tabitha Casey

    (Moray House School of Education, St John’s Land, 2.02, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh EH8 8AQ, Scotland)

  • Celia Hsiao

    (Save the Children South Africa, 2nd Floor SAQA House, 1067 Arcadia Street, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Catherine L. Ward

    (Department of Psychology and Safety and Violence Initiative, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic burden of violence against children in South Africa. We assembled summative estimates of lifetime prevalence, calculated the magnitude of associations with negative outcomes, and thereby estimated the economic burden of violence against children. According to our calculations, 2.3 million and 84,287 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost in South Africa in 2015 were attributable to nonfatal and fatal violence against children, respectively. The estimated economic value of DALYs lost to violence against children (including both fatal and nonfatal) in South Africa in 2015 totalled ZAR173 billion (US $13.5 billion)—or 4.3% of South Africa’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2015. In addition, the reduced earnings attributable to childhood physical violence and emotional violence in South Africa in 2015 were ZAR25.2 billion (US $2.0 billion) and ZAR9.6 billion (US $750 million), respectively. In addition, South Africa spent ZAR1.6 billion (US $124 million) on child care and protection in fiscal year 2015/2016, many of which costs are directly related to violence against children. This study confirms the importance of prioritising violence against children as a key social and economic concern for South Africa’s future.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangming Fang & Xiaodong Zheng & Deborah A. Fry & Gary Ganz & Tabitha Casey & Celia Hsiao & Catherine L. Ward, 2017. "The Economic Burden of Violence against Children in South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:11:p:1431-:d:119863
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Greenfield, Emily A. & Marks, Nadine F., 2009. "Violence from parents in childhood and obesity in adulthood: Using food in response to stress as a mediator of risk," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(5), pages 791-798, March.
    2. Jewkes, Rachel & Levin, Jonathan & Penn-Kekana, Loveday, 2002. "Risk factors for domestic violence: findings from a South African cross-sectional study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 55(9), pages 1603-1617, November.
    3. Anand, Sudhir & Hanson, Kara, 1997. "Disability-adjusted life years: a critical review," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 685-702, December.
    4. Slopen, Natalie & Williams, David R. & Seedat, Soraya & Moomal, Hashim & Herman, Allen & Stein, Dan J., 2010. "Adversities in childhood and adult psychopathology in the South Africa Stress and Health Study: Associations with first-onset DSM-IV disorders," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(10), pages 1847-1854, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaodong Zheng & Xiangming Fang & Deborah A. Fry & Gary Ganz & Tabitha Casey & Celia Hsiao & Catherine L. Ward, 2018. "Association of Child Maltreatment with South African Adults’ Wages: Evidence from the Cape Area Panel Study," Health Economics Review, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Jianbo Liu & Xiaodong Zheng & Marie Parker & Xiangming Fang, 2020. "Childhood Left-Behind Experience and Employment Quality of New-Generation Migrants in China," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 39(4), pages 691-718, August.

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