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Simulation of a Natural Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Based on Rated Current Density Input

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  • Wenxian Hu

    (School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Xudong Sun

    (School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Engineering Research Center of Integration and Application of Digital Learning Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100039, China)

  • Yating Qin

    (School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) offer high-efficiency electrochemical conversion of fuels like natural gas, yet detailed modeling is crucial for optimization. This paper presents a simulation study of a natural gas-fueled SOFC system, developed using Aspen Plus with Fortran integration. Distinct from prevalent paradigms assuming rated power output, this work adopts rated current density as the primary input, enabling a more direct investigation of the cell’s electrochemical behavior. We conducted a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of key parameters, including fuel utilization, water-carbon ratio, and current density, and further investigated the impact of different interconnection configurations on overall module performance. Results demonstrate that a single unit operating at a current density of 180 mA/cm 2 , a fuel utilization of 0.75, and a water-carbon ratio of 1.5 can achieve a maximum net stack-level electrical efficiency of 54%. Furthermore, optimizing the interconnection of a 400 kW module by combining series and parallel units boosts the overall net system-level electrical efficiency to 59%, a 5-percentage-point increase over traditional parallel setups. This is achieved by utilizing a bottoming cycle for exhaust heat recovery. This research validates the rated current density approach for SOFC modeling, offering novel insights into performance optimization and modular design for integrated energy systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenxian Hu & Xudong Sun & Yating Qin, 2025. "Simulation of a Natural Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Based on Rated Current Density Input," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:16:p:4456-:d:1729812
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    References listed on IDEAS

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