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Impact of Primary Air Separation in a Grate Furnace on the Resulting Combustion Products

Author

Listed:
  • Michał Kozioł

    (Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Joachim Kozioł

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
    Retired Employee.)

Abstract

When burning fuel in grate furnaces, supplying the right amount of air to them is as important as the method of air supply. In a furnace with a fixed grate, the supply method of primary air is determined by the distribution of the supplied air stream over time, and in a furnace with a movable grate, the said method involves the distribution of the stream along the active length of the grate. The need to account for air distribution is attributable to complex processes that occur during the combustion process. The paper describes experimental studies aimed at determining the influence of the distribution of the supplied primary air on the emission of CO 2 , CO, SO 2 , NO x, and on the content of combustible parts in the slag. In all cases, the total amount of primary air supplied to the process as well as other process control parameters was identical, and only the distribution of primary air was different. The paper proposes the use of a generalized function to describe the distribution of air, defined by its total demand and the relative time R that fuel remains on the grate until the maximum air stream is obtained. The quantity R was accepted at the value ranging from 1/6 to 2/3. With the rise of R, the emissions of CO 2 , CO, and SO 2 increased by 53%, 125%, and 27%, respectively, and the emissions of NO x and the share of combustibles in the slag decreased by 12% and 79%, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Michał Kozioł & Joachim Kozioł, 2023. "Impact of Primary Air Separation in a Grate Furnace on the Resulting Combustion Products," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1647-:d:1060343
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fang, Jinghua & Li, Guanghai & Aunan, Kristin & Vennemo, Haakon & Seip, Hans M. & Oye, Kenneth A. & Beér, János M., 2002. "A proposed industrial-boiler efficiency program in Shanxi: potential CO2-mitigation, health benefits and associated costs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(4), pages 275-285, April.
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    6. Jiao, Long & Kuang, Min & Chen, Yangyang & Liu, Sheng & Wang, Xiu, 2021. "Detailed measurements of in-furnace gas temperature and species concentration distribution regarding the primary-air distribution mode in a spreader and reversal chain-grate furnace," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
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