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A Three-Dimensional Time-Dependent Model of the Degradation Caused by Chromium Poisoning in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

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  • Shangzhe Yu

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
    Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany)

  • Dominik Schäfer

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Shidong Zhang

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Roland Peters

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Felix Kunz

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany)

  • Rüdiger-A. Eichel

    (Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
    Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany)

Abstract

Chromium poisoning strongly influences the performance of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks. A novel numerical model is introduced by incorporating the chemical and electrochemical aspects of chromium poisoning. It offers a detailed analysis of the spatial distribution of critical chromium-based species, including SrCrO 4 and Cr 2 O 3 . This model is integrated with a pre-existing three-dimensional, time-dependent computational fluid dynamics (CFD) toolbox, openFuelCell2. The numerical simulations indicate a quantitative agreement with experimental data over an extended 100 kh operation. Numerical simulations are conducted within a representative channel geometry originating from an F10 SOFC stack at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, and consider a wide range of stack designs, temperatures, and air absolute humidities. The simulation results demonstrate the potential of a protective coating produced through atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technology in nearly eliminating chromium poisoning. It is also found that the APS protective coating could enable the operation of an SOFC stack with low requirements of air dehumidification at a temperature of 650 ∘ C.

Suggested Citation

  • Shangzhe Yu & Dominik Schäfer & Shidong Zhang & Roland Peters & Felix Kunz & Rüdiger-A. Eichel, 2023. "A Three-Dimensional Time-Dependent Model of the Degradation Caused by Chromium Poisoning in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-23, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:23:p:7841-:d:1290524
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jia, Chunchun & Zhou, Jiaming & He, Hongwen & Li, Jianwei & Wei, Zhongbao & Li, Kunang & Shi, Man, 2023. "A novel energy management strategy for hybrid electric bus with fuel cell health and battery thermal- and health-constrained awareness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    2. Shangzhe Yu & Shidong Zhang & Dominik Schäfer & Roland Peters & Felix Kunz & Rüdiger-A. Eichel, 2023. "Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Solid Oxide Cell Stacks and Metal Interconnect Oxidation with OpenFOAM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-22, April.
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