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Impact of a Redox Flow Battery on the Frequency Stability of a Five-Area System Integrated with Renewable Sources

Author

Listed:
  • Narendra Kumar Jena

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Subhadra Sahoo

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Binod Kumar Sahu

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Amiya Kumar Naik

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751024, India)

  • Mohit Bajaj

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, India
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248002, India
    Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan)

  • Stanislav Misak

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

  • Vojtech Blazek

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

  • Lukas Prokop

    (ENET Centre, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Energy storage devices are imperative to damp out the oscillations caused by sudden magnified disturbances occurring in a power system. The presence of a small rating of storage device in each area can alleviate the system oscillations effectively. Therefore, in this work, redox flow batteries (RFBs) have been integrated in each area of a five-area interconnected system for effective load frequency control (LFC). The RFB pumps up the active power into the system quickly to meet the short-time overload; in turn, the efficacy of the LFC in the system is boosted. Despite the presence of the RFB in the power system, a secondary controller is necessary to quench the deviation of frequency and tie-line power caused by the power mismatch between demand and generation. In this perspective, a cascade controller incorporated with a fractional operator (FO) has been endorsed and designed through a nascent selfish herd optimizer technique to evaluate the transient response of the system. Besides this, the unprecedented performance of fractional-order cascade controllers has been compared with one-stage classical controllers with and without a fractional operator. Further, the robustness of the proposed controller has been inspected through subjecting it to a random load in the presence/absence of an RFB and parametric variation. Finally, the proposed model has been simulated in the OPAL-RT-4510 platform to validate the performance of the proposed controller that has produced in the MATLAB environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Narendra Kumar Jena & Subhadra Sahoo & Binod Kumar Sahu & Amiya Kumar Naik & Mohit Bajaj & Stanislav Misak & Vojtech Blazek & Lukas Prokop, 2023. "Impact of a Redox Flow Battery on the Frequency Stability of a Five-Area System Integrated with Renewable Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-29, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:14:p:5540-:d:1199809
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pandey, Shashi Kant & Mohanty, Soumya R. & Kishor, Nand, 2013. "A literature survey on load–frequency control for conventional and distribution generation power systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 318-334.
    2. Aswathy Joseph & Jolanta Sobczak & Gaweł Żyła & Suresh Mathew, 2022. "Ionic Liquid and Ionanofluid-Based Redox Flow Batteries—A Mini Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Arya, Yogendra, 2017. "AGC performance enrichment of multi-source hydrothermal gas power systems using new optimized FOFPID controller and redox flow batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 704-715.
    4. Selvaraju, Ramesh Kumar & Somaskandan, Ganapathy, 2016. "Impact of energy storage units on load frequency control of deregulated power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 214-228.
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