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Multi-Objective Optimization of Gear Ratios of a Seamless Three-Speed Automated Manual Transmission for Electric Vehicles Considering Shift Performance

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  • Peng Wu

    (Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Penghui Qiang

    (Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Tao Pan

    (Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Huaiquan Zang

    (Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

Abstract

Multi-speed transmission can greatly improve the power and economic performance of electric vehicles (EVs) compared with single-speed transmission. Gear ratio is the key design parameter of multi-speed transmission. Optimizing gear ratios can further improve vehicle performance. Most of the existing optimization methods of gear ratios take the power and economy of vehicles in gear as the optimization objectives, but rarely consider the shift performance of the transmission, such as shift time, friction, and shift jerk. Considering the shift performance in the process of gear ratio optimization can not only optimize the vehicle performance in gear, but also improve the shift performance of the transmission. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method of gear ratios considering the shift performance. Firstly, a seamless three-speed automated manual transmission (AMT) of EVs is selected as the research object, the structure and the shift process without power interruption of the three-speed AMT are introduced, and the detailed EV simulation model is established. Then, the multi-objective optimization method of gear ratios considering shifting performance is described. Specifically, the acceleration time, energy consumption, and jerk of the vehicle in gear are taken as the objective functions, and the shift time, clutch friction, and the shift jerk are added to the corresponding objective functions, respectively. Finally, the multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to solve the gear ratio optimization problem. The simulation results show optimization of the gear ratios significantly improves the power, economy, and comfort of the vehicle compared with the original. More importantly, compared with the optimization method without shift performance, gear ratios optimized by the proposed optimization method has better shift performance, and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Peng Wu & Penghui Qiang & Tao Pan & Huaiquan Zang, 2022. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Gear Ratios of a Seamless Three-Speed Automated Manual Transmission for Electric Vehicles Considering Shift Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:11:p:4149-:d:831947
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kwon, Kihan & Seo, Minsik & Min, Seungjae, 2020. "Efficient multi-objective optimization of gear ratios and motor torque distribution for electric vehicles with two-motor and two-speed powertrain system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    2. Kwon, Kihan & Jo, Junhyeong & Min, Seungjae, 2021. "Multi-objective gear ratio and shifting pattern optimization of multi-speed transmissions for electric vehicles considering variable transmission efficiency," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    3. Senqi Tan & Jue Yang & Xinxin Zhao & Tingting Hai & Wenming Zhang, 2018. "Gear Ratio Optimization of a Multi-Speed Transmission for Electric Dump Truck Operating on the Structure Route," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, May.
    4. Md Ragib Ahssan & Mehran Ektesabi & Saman Gorji, 2020. "Gear Ratio Optimization along with a Novel Gearshift Scheduling Strategy for a Two-Speed Transmission System in Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-24, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kwon, Kihan & Lee, Jung-Hwan & Lim, Sang-Kil, 2023. "Optimization of multi-speed transmission for electric vehicles based on electrical and mechanical efficiency analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    2. Md Ragib Ahssan & Mehran Ektesabi & Saman Gorji, 2023. "Evaluation of a Three-Parameter Gearshift Strategy for a Two-Speed Transmission System in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-28, March.

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