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An Environmental Assessment of Heat Pumps in Poland

Author

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  • Sara Sewastianik

    (Students’ Scientific Society “Heat Engineer”, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45 A, 15-351 Białystok, Poland)

  • Andrzej Gajewski

    (Department of HVAC Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45 A, 15-351 Białystok, Poland)

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions are regarded as the cause of the rise in mean Earth temperature, the further increase of which may cause dramatic irreversible global changes. Their levels in Poland are some of the highest in the world. In this study, to evaluate the “Energy policy of Poland until 2040”, greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions were compared in all Polish climatic zones using a typical meteorological year. A comparison was made between air-to-water, brine-to-water, and water-to-water devices. The electrical energy consumption and coefficient of performance were determined hourly in the heating season. The determining algorithm took a buffer tank or separating heat exchanger into consideration, when they were required, and electricity transmission efficiency. Subsequently the emissions were estimated for the present Polish energy mix and a mix proposed in the “Energy policy of Poland until 2040”. After implementing this policy all heat pumps will be energetically viable devices. However, only in one location will water-to-water heat pumps cause less emissions than a condensing gas boiler. In other cases, condensing gas boilers will be significantly less emissive devices. Therefore, this policy is insufficient for reducing emissions. Hence, it is necessary to replace almost all coal-fired power plants with natural gas-fired gas turbines in a transitional period.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara Sewastianik & Andrzej Gajewski, 2021. "An Environmental Assessment of Heat Pumps in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8104-:d:694411
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oleg Todorov & Kari Alanne & Markku Virtanen & Risto Kosonen, 2021. "A Novel Data Management Methodology and Case Study for Monitoring and Performance Analysis of Large-Scale Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) and Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-25, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tamás Buday & Erika Buday-Bódi, 2023. "Reduction in CO 2 Emissions with Bivalent Heat Pump Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Piotr Gradziuk & Aleksandra Siudek & Anna M. Klepacka & Wojciech J. Florkowski & Anna Trocewicz & Iryna Skorokhod, 2022. "Heat Pump Installation in Public Buildings: Savings and Environmental Benefits in Underserved Rural Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, October.
    3. Milana Treshcheva & Irina Anikina & Dmitry Treshchev & Sergey Skulkin, 2022. "Heat Pump Capacity Selection for TPPs with Various Efficiency Levels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.

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