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Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming MMC-HVDC Transmission Connected to Legacy Power Systems

Author

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  • Luís F. N. Lourenço

    (Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes L2S, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
    Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

  • Filipe Perez

    (Power Systems Group, Lactec Institute, rodovia BR-116, 8813, Jardim das Americas, Curitiba 80215-090, Brazil)

  • Alessio Iovine

    (Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes L2S, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France)

  • Gilney Damm

    (COSYS-LISIS, Université Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, 77447 Marne-la-Vallée, France)

  • Renato M. Monaro

    (Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

  • Maurício B. C. Salles

    (Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

Abstract

The power system is going through a change in its very foundations. More and more power converters are being integrated into the electric grid to interface renewable energy resources and in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission systems. This article presents a discussion on the stability of power systems when HVDC transmission systems based on modular multilevel converters (MMC) are connected in grid-forming (GFM) mode to the legacy power system using concepts of energy functions and Lyapunov stability theory and considering aspects of the interoperability between GFM converter technologies. As a base for the stability analysis, we review the main GFM converter technologies (droop and virtual synchronous machine), highlighting their differences. Then, we present a model using the center-of-inertia formulation for a multi-machine/multi-GFM converter power system representing a close future scenario of power systems where GFM converters might adopt different technologies. To illustrate the theoretical Lyapunov-based stability analysis, simulations performed in Matlab/Simulink showed the behavior of a 12-bus test system during a frequency disturbance that originated from the sudden connection of a load. To reflect the interoperability of different GFM technologies and the power system, scenarios with one single GFM technology and a scenario with mixed technologies were investigated. For the test system considered, the frequency response with fewer oscillations and a higher frequency nadir was obtained when all GFM converters were operated as VSMs that have a higher inertial response contribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Luís F. N. Lourenço & Filipe Perez & Alessio Iovine & Gilney Damm & Renato M. Monaro & Maurício B. C. Salles, 2021. "Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming MMC-HVDC Transmission Connected to Legacy Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8017-:d:692492
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shangen Tian & David Campos-Gaona & Vinícius A. Lacerda & Raymundo E. Torres-Olguin & Olimpo Anaya-Lara, 2020. "Novel Control Approach for a Hybrid Grid-Forming HVDC Offshore Transmission System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luís F. Normandia Lourenço & Amira Louni & Gilney Damm & Mariana Netto & Monssef Drissi-Habti & Samuele Grillo & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho & Lasantha Meegahapola, 2022. "A Review on Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks for Wind Power Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Rodolfo Araneo & Salvatore Celozzi & Stefano Lauria & Erika Stracqualursi & Gianfranco Di Lorenzo & Marco Graziani, 2022. "Recent Trends in Power Systems Modeling and Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Ismail Aouichak & Sébastien Jacques & Sébastien Bissey & Cédric Reymond & Téo Besson & Jean-Charles Le Bunetel, 2022. "A Bidirectional Grid-Connected DC–AC Converter for Autonomous and Intelligent Electricity Storage in the Residential Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Angelo Lunardi & Luís F. Normandia Lourenço & Enkhtsetseg Munkhchuluun & Lasantha Meegahapola & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho, 2022. "Grid-Connected Power Converters: An Overview of Control Strategies for Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-33, June.

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