IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i22p7695-d681180.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Role of Natural Gas Consumption in the Reduction of CO 2 Emissions: Case of Azerbaijan

Author

Listed:
  • Sarvar Gurbanov

    (School of Public and International Affairs (SPIA), ADA University, 61 Ahmadbey Aghaoglu, Baku AZ1008, Azerbaijan)

Abstract

Azerbaijan signed the Paris Agreement in 2016 and committed to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 35% in 2030. Meanwhile, natural gas has been vital component in the total energy mix of Azerbaijan economy and accounted for almost 65% of the total energy consumption. In the overall electricity mix, natural gas-fired power plants generate 93% of the country’s electricity. Since global energy consumption is responsible for 73% of human-caused greenhouse-gas emissions, and CO 2 makes up more than 74% of the total, this study investigates possible mitigation effects of the natural gas consumption on CO 2 emissions for Azerbaijan. Author employed several cointegration methodologies, namely Bound testing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Structural Time Series model (STSM). Author of this paper found that when the share of natural gas increases 1 percent in the total energy mix, CO 2 emission per capita decreases approximately 0.14 percent as a result of the ARDL, FMOLS, and DOLS models. All three models provide cointegration between the share of natural gas in the total energy mix and reduction in CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Sarvar Gurbanov, 2021. "Role of Natural Gas Consumption in the Reduction of CO 2 Emissions: Case of Azerbaijan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7695-:d:681180
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7695/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7695/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter C. B. Phillips & Bruce E. Hansen, 1990. "Statistical Inference in Instrumental Variables Regression with I(1) Processes," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 57(1), pages 99-125.
    2. Sofia Berdysheva & Svetlana Ikonnikova, 2021. "The Energy Transition and Shifts in Fossil Fuel Use: The Study of International Energy Trade and Energy Security Dynamics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-26, August.
    3. Bastola, Umesh & Sapkota, Pratikshya, 2015. "Relationships among energy consumption, pollution emission, and economic growth in Nepal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 254-262.
    4. Dong, Kangyin & Sun, Renjin & Hochman, Gal, 2017. "Do natural gas and renewable energy consumption lead to less CO2 emission? Empirical evidence from a panel of BRICS countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1466-1478.
    5. Dong, Kangyin & Sun, Renjin & Wu, Jin & Hochman, Gal, 2018. "The growth and development of natural gas supply chains: The case of China and the US," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 64-71.
    6. Dong, Kangyin & Sun, Renjin & Li, Hui & Liao, Hua, 2018. "Does natural gas consumption mitigate CO2 emissions: Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for 14 Asia-Pacific countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 419-429.
    7. Stock, James H & Watson, Mark W, 1993. "A Simple Estimator of Cointegrating Vectors in Higher Order Integrated Systems," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(4), pages 783-820, July.
    8. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    9. Saboori, Behnaz & Sulaiman, Jamalludin, 2013. "Environmental degradation, economic growth and energy consumption: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 892-905.
    10. Juyoul Kim & Ahmed Abdel-Hameed & Soja Reuben Joseph & Hilali Hussein Ramadhan & Mercy Nandutu & Joung-Hyuk Hyun, 2021. "Modeling Long-Term Electricity Generation Planning to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Nigeria," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, October.
    11. Cohen, Erez, 2018. "Development of Israel's natural gas resources: Political, security, and economic dimensions," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 137-146.
    12. McGlade, Christophe & Pye, Steve & Ekins, Paul & Bradshaw, Michael & Watson, Jim, 2018. "The future role of natural gas in the UK: A bridge to nowhere?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 454-465.
    13. Dong, Kangyin & Dong, Xiucheng & Ren, Xiaohang, 2020. "Can expanding natural gas infrastructure mitigate CO2 emissions? Analysis of heterogeneous and mediation effects for China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    14. Kangyin Dong & Xiucheng Dong & Qingzhe Jiang, 2020. "How renewable energy consumption lower global CO2 emissions? Evidence from countries with different income levels," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(6), pages 1665-1698, June.
    15. Kan, S.Y. & Chen, B. & Wu, X.F. & Chen, Z.M. & Chen, G.Q., 2019. "Natural gas overview for world economy: From primary supply to final demand via global supply chains," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 215-225.
    16. Ahmad, Ashfaq & Zhao, Yuhuan & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Bano, Sadia & Zhang, Zhonghua & Wang, Song & Liu, Ya, 2016. "Carbon emissions, energy consumption and economic growth: An aggregate and disaggregate analysis of the Indian economy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 131-143.
    17. P. Srinivasan & Inder Siddanth Ravindra, 2015. "Causality among Energy Consumption, CO2 Emission, Economic Growth and Trade," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 50(3), pages 168-189, August.
    18. Mohammed Abumunshar & Mehmet Aga & Ahmed Samour, 2020. "Oil Price, Energy Consumption, and CO 2 Emissions in Turkey. New Evidence from a Bootstrap ARDL Test," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, October.
    19. Rongrong Li & Min Su, 2017. "The Role of Natural Gas and Renewable Energy in Curbing Carbon Emission: Case Study of the United States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-18, April.
    20. Zhao, Jun & Jiang, Qingzhe & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2020. "Would environmental regulation improve the greenhouse gas benefits of natural gas use? A Chinese case study," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    21. Qin, Yue & Tong, Fan & Yang, Guang & Mauzerall, Denise L., 2018. "Challenges of using natural gas as a carbon mitigation option in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 457-462.
    22. Malzi, Mohamed Jaouad & Sohag, Kazi & Vasbieva, Dinara G. & Ettahir, Aziz, 2020. "Environmental policy effectiveness on residential natural gas use in OECD countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    23. Becerra-Fernandez, Mauricio & Cosenz, Federico & Dyner, Isaac, 2020. "Modeling the natural gas supply chain for sustainable growth policy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    24. Alkhathlan, Khalid & Javid, Muhammad, 2013. "Energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth in Saudi Arabia: An aggregate and disaggregate analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1525-1532.
    25. Xu, Bin & Lin, Boqiang, 2019. "Can expanding natural gas consumption reduce China's CO2 emissions?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 393-407.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gulnar Gadirli & Agnieszka A. Pilarska & Jacek Dach & Krzysztof Pilarski & Alicja Kolasa-Więcek & Klaudia Borowiak, 2024. "Fundamentals, Operation and Global Prospects for the Development of Biogas Plants—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-26, January.
    2. Qiang Wang & Jiale Guo & Rongrong Li & Xue-ting Jiang, 2024. "Economic growth and carbon emission in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries: The effects of oil, gas, and renewable energy," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(4), pages 2107-2130, June.
    3. Sarvar Gurbanov & Jeyhun I. Mikayilov & Shahriyar Mukhtarov & Shahin Maharramli, 2023. "The price and income elasticities of natural gas demand in Azerbaijan: Is there room to export more?," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Pengying Wang & Shuo Zhang & Limei Chen, 2023. "Research on the Integration of a Natural Gas-Distributed Energy System into the Oilfield Facility in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Majd Olleik & Hassan Hamie & Hans Auer, 2022. "Using Natural Gas Resources to De-Risk Renewable Energy Investments in Lower-Income Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-22, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dervis Kirikkaleli & Hasan Güngör & Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo, 2022. "Consumption‐based carbon emissions, renewable energy consumption, financial development and economic growth in Chile," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 1123-1137, March.
    2. Kangyin Dong & Yalin Han & Yue Dou & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2022. "Moving toward carbon neutrality: Assessing natural gas import security and its impact on CO2 emissions," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(4), pages 751-770, August.
    3. Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi & Seun Damola Oladipupo & Ephraim Bonah Agyekum & Arunkumar Jayakumar & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, 2021. "Dominance of Fossil Fuels in Japan’s National Energy Mix and Implications for Environmental Sustainability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-20, July.
    4. Liang Xie & Xianzhong Mu & Kuanyuting Lu & Dongou Hu & Guangwen Hu, 2023. "The time-varying relationship between CO2 emissions, heterogeneous energy consumption, and economic growth in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 7769-7793, August.
    5. Eleftherios Thalassinos & Marta Kadłubek & Le Minh Thong & Tran Van Hiep & Erginbay Ugurlu, 2022. "Managerial Issues Regarding the Role of Natural Gas in the Transition of Energy and the Impact of Natural Gas Consumption on the GDP of Selected Countries," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-22, April.
    6. Pata, Ugur Korkut, 2018. "The influence of coal and noncarbohydrate energy consumption on CO2 emissions: Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for Turkey," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1115-1123.
    7. Dong, Kangyin & Sun, Renjin & Li, Hui & Liao, Hua, 2018. "Does natural gas consumption mitigate CO2 emissions: Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for 14 Asia-Pacific countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 419-429.
    8. Yu, Zhang & Khan, Syed Abdul Rehman & Ponce, Pablo & Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, Ana Beatriz & Chiappetta Jabbour, Charbel Jose, 2022. "Factors affecting carbon emissions in emerging economies in the context of a green recovery: Implications for sustainable development goals," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    9. Manga, Muge & Cengiz, Orhan & Destek, Mehmet Akif, 2022. "Is export quality a viable option for sustainable development paths of Asian countries?," MPRA Paper 117552, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Bélaïd, Fateh & Youssef, Meriem, 2017. "Environmental degradation, renewable and non-renewable electricity consumption, and economic growth: Assessing the evidence from Algeria," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 277-287.
    11. Zhang, Shun & Liu, Xuyi, 2019. "The roles of international tourism and renewable energy in environment: New evidence from Asian countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 385-394.
    12. Oryani, Bahareh & Koo, Yoonmo & Rezania, Shahabaldin & Shafiee, Afsaneh & Khan, Muhammad Kamran & Mahdavian, Seyed Mohammadreza, 2021. "The role of electricity mix and transportation sector in designing a green-growth strategy in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    13. Ahmad, Ashfaq & Zhao, Yuhuan & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Bano, Sadia & Zhang, Zhonghua & Wang, Song & Liu, Ya, 2016. "Carbon emissions, energy consumption and economic growth: An aggregate and disaggregate analysis of the Indian economy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 131-143.
    14. Adebayo, Tomiwa Sunday & Awosusi, Abraham Ayobamiji & Bekun, Festus Victor & Altuntaş, Mehmet, 2021. "Coal energy consumption beat renewable energy consumption in South Africa: Developing policy framework for sustainable development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 1012-1024.
    15. Liu, Xuyi & Kong, Hao & Zhang, Shun, 2021. "Can urbanization, renewable energy, and economic growth make environment more eco-friendly in Northeast Asia?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 23-33.
    16. Jeyhun I. Mikayilov & Marzio Galeotti & Fakhri J. Hasanov, 2018. "The Impact of Economic Growth on CO2 Emissions in Azerbaijan," IEFE Working Papers 102, IEFE, Center for Research on Energy and Environmental Economics and Policy, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    17. Dong, Kangyin & Jiang, Qingzhe & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Zhao, Jun, 2021. "Does low-carbon energy transition mitigate energy poverty? The case of natural gas for China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    18. Naif Dalish N. Alanazi & Zavyalov Dmitriy & Aleksandra G. Polyakova, 2020. "Estimating the Impact of Energy Consumption on Carbon Emissions Using Environmental Kuznets Curve," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(5), pages 608-614.
    19. Mohamed Ouédraogo & Daiyan Peng & Xi Chen & Shujahat Haider Hashmi & Mamoudou Ibrahima Sall, 2021. "Dynamic Effect of Oil Resources on Environmental Quality: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Selected African Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, March.
    20. Zhao, Jun & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2021. "How does financial risk affect global CO2 emissions? The role of technological innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    CO 2 ; natural gas; renewable energy; electricity security; Azerbaijan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q35 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Hydrocarbon Resources

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7695-:d:681180. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.