IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i6p1401-d333502.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Qualitative Control Approach to Reduce Energy Costs of Hybrid Energy Systems: Utilizing Energy Price and Weather Data

Author

Listed:
  • Mehdi Taebnia

    (Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, PO Box 12100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Marko Heikkilä

    (Sweco AB, Ilmalanportti 2, 00240 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Janne Mäkinen

    (FCG Finnish Consulting Group Oy, PO Box 950, 00601 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Jenni Kiukkonen-Kivioja

    (Sweco AB, Ilmalanportti 2, 00240 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Jouko Pakanen

    (Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, PO Box 12100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland)

  • Jarek Kurnitski

    (Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Aalto University, PO Box 12100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
    Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia)

Abstract

Nowadays, many buildings are equipped with various energy sources. The challenge is how to efficiently utilize their energy production. This includes decreasing the share and costs of external energy—usually electrical energy delivered from the grid. The following study presents a qualitative approach with a combined control to solve the problem. The approach is demonstrated using a simulated residential building equipped with a hybrid energy system: a thermal energy storage combined with an electrical heater, a geothermal heat pump and a solar thermal collector. Consequently, the share of renewable energy was increased and, conversely, costs of the external energy from grid decreased by 12.2%. The results were based on a qualitative approach and the algorithm which predicts the need of energy of the building over the next 6 h with the aid of weather forecasting. This approach included a storage tank of 300 L. The energy costs can be further decreased 7.7% by increasing thermal storage capacity and modifying the control algorithm. In all cases, the indoor conditions were kept at a comfortable level. However, if the room temperature is temporarily allowed to slightly drop a few degrees during the heating season, the energy costs were further reduced.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehdi Taebnia & Marko Heikkilä & Janne Mäkinen & Jenni Kiukkonen-Kivioja & Jouko Pakanen & Jarek Kurnitski, 2020. "A Qualitative Control Approach to Reduce Energy Costs of Hybrid Energy Systems: Utilizing Energy Price and Weather Data," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:6:p:1401-:d:333502
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/6/1401/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/6/1401/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhai, X.Q. & Qu, M. & Yu, X. & Yang, Y. & Wang, R.Z., 2011. "A review for the applications and integrated approaches of ground-coupled heat pump systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 3133-3140, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Juan Carlos Oviedo Cepeda & German Osma-Pinto & Robin Roche & Cesar Duarte & Javier Solano & Daniel Hissel, 2020. "Design of a Methodology to Evaluate the Impact of Demand-Side Management in the Planning of Isolated/Islanded Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
    2. Kumar Shivam & Jong-Chyuan Tzou & Shang-Chen Wu, 2020. "Multi-Objective Sizing Optimization of a Grid-Connected Solar–Wind Hybrid System Using Climate Classification: A Case Study of Four Locations in Southern Taiwan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-30, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jin Zhou & Zhikai Cui & Feng Xu & Guoqiang Zhang, 2021. "Performance Analysis of Solar-Assisted Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems with Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage to Supply Domestic Hot Water for Campus Buildings in Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Zhang, Wenjie & Liu, Shan & Li, Nianping & Xie, Hui & Li, Xuanqi, 2015. "Development forecast and technology roadmap analysis of renewable energy in buildings in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 395-402.
    3. Somogyi, Viola & Sebestyén, Viktor & Nagy, Georgina, 2017. "Scientific achievements and regulation of shallow geothermal systems in six European countries – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 934-952.
    4. Liu, Zhijian & Liu, Yuanwei & He, Bao-Jie & Xu, Wei & Jin, Guangya & Zhang, Xutao, 2019. "Application and suitability analysis of the key technologies in nearly zero energy buildings in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 329-345.
    5. Wu, Wei & Li, Xianting & You, Tian & Wang, Baolong & Shi, Wenxing, 2015. "Combining ground source absorption heat pump with ground source electrical heat pump for thermal balance, higher efficiency and better economy in cold regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 74-88.
    6. Wu, Wei & Wang, Baolong & You, Tian & Shi, Wenxing & Li, Xianting, 2013. "A potential solution for thermal imbalance of ground source heat pump systems in cold regions: Ground source absorption heat pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 39-48.
    7. Fabrizio, Enrico & Seguro, Federico & Filippi, Marco, 2014. "Integrated HVAC and DHW production systems for Zero Energy Buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 515-541.
    8. Li, Min & Lai, Alvin C.K., 2015. "Review of analytical models for heat transfer by vertical ground heat exchangers (GHEs): A perspective of time and space scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 178-191.
    9. Jewon Oh & Daisuke Sumiyoshi & Masatoshi Nishioka & Hyunbae Kim, 2021. "Efficient Operation Method of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System Using Demand Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.
    10. Poppi, Stefano & Sommerfeldt, Nelson & Bales, Chris & Madani, Hatef & Lundqvist, Per, 2018. "Techno-economic review of solar heat pump systems for residential heating applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 22-32.
    11. Reda, Francesco & Fatima, Zarrin, 2019. "Northern European nearly zero energy building concepts for apartment buildings using integrated solar technologies and dynamic occupancy profile: Focus on Finland and other Northern European countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 598-617.
    12. Cuce, Erdem & Harjunowibowo, Dewanto & Cuce, Pinar Mert, 2016. "Renewable and sustainable energy saving strategies for greenhouse systems: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 34-59.
    13. Sarwo Edhy Sofyan & Eric Hu & Andrei Kotousov & Teuku Meurah Indra Riayatsyah & Razali Thaib, 2020. "Mathematical Modelling and Operational Analysis of Combined Vertical–Horizontal Heat Exchanger for Shallow Geothermal Energy Application in Cooling Mode," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-20, December.
    14. Jeong Soo Shin & Jong Woo Park & Sean Hay Kim, 2020. "Measurement and Verification of Integrated Ground Source Heat Pumps on a Shared Ground Loop," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-24, April.
    15. Simone Mancin & Marco Noro, 2020. "Reversible Heat Pump Coupled with Ground Ice Storage for Annual Air Conditioning: An Energy Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-16, November.
    16. Melo, A.P. & Cóstola, D. & Lamberts, R. & Hensen, J.L.M., 2014. "Development of surrogate models using artificial neural network for building shell energy labelling," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 457-466.
    17. Wu, Wei & Ran, Siyuan & Shi, Wenxing & Wang, Baolong & Li, Xianting, 2016. "NH3-H2O water source absorption heat pump (WSAHP) for low temperature heating: Experimental investigation on the off-design performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 697-710.
    18. Sivasakthivel, T. & Murugesan, K. & Sahoo, P.K., 2015. "Study of technical, economical and environmental viability of ground source heat pump system for Himalayan cities of India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 452-462.
    19. Chen, Jinhua & Xia, Lei & Li, Baizhan & Mmereki, Daniel, 2015. "Simulation and experimental analysis of optimal buried depth of the vertical U-tube ground heat exchanger for a ground-coupled heat pump system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 46-54.
    20. Shah, Sheikh Khaleduzzaman & Aye, Lu & Rismanchi, Behzad, 2020. "Multi-objective optimisation of a seasonal solar thermal energy storage system for space heating in cold climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:6:p:1401-:d:333502. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.