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Characterization of Customized Encapsulant Polyvinyl Butyral Used in the Solar Industry and Its Impact on the Environment

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  • Samer Khouri

    (Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, 9, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Marcel Behun

    (Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, 9, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Lucia Knapcikova

    (Department of Industrial Engineering and Informatics, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the seat in Presov, Technical University of Kosice, 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia)

  • Annamaria Behunova

    (Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, 9, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Marian Sofranko

    (Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, 9, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Andrea Rosova

    (Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, 9, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

Abstract

Taking climate and geopolitical issues into account, we must shift our thinking towards “eco” and focus on renewable energy. The accessible solar energy represents 400 times the amount of consumption, while its potential represents 10,000 times the amount of demand. The paper aims to analyze recycled, customized polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with high purity (more than 98%) concerning its physicochemical and mechanical properties and its possible applicability in the photovoltaic industry as an encapsulating material. The detailed investigation on polyvinyl butyral starting from characterizations, homogenization, and moulding process to tensile tests and used exposure testing in laboratory apparatus are performed. Samples of recycled polyvinyl butyral were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the value 0.76 W.m –2 .nm –1 at 340 nm, water spray, drying at 50 °C and condensation for 320 h when the radiation was turned off. The results obtained were more controlled in a laboratory environment than those found in external, uncontrolled environments. These conditions subsequently accelerate any degradation of polyvinyl butyral as a material and subsequent degradation of the final product.

Suggested Citation

  • Samer Khouri & Marcel Behun & Lucia Knapcikova & Annamaria Behunova & Marian Sofranko & Andrea Rosova, 2020. "Characterization of Customized Encapsulant Polyvinyl Butyral Used in the Solar Industry and Its Impact on the Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:20:p:5391-:d:428746
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Garvin A. Heath & Timothy J. Silverman & Michael Kempe & Michael Deceglie & Dwarakanath Ravikumar & Timothy Remo & Hao Cui & Parikhit Sinha & Cara Libby & Stephanie Shaw & Keiichi Komoto & Karsten Wam, 2020. "Research and development priorities for silicon photovoltaic module recycling to support a circular economy," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 5(7), pages 502-510, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Beata Gavurova & Silvia Megyesiova & Matej Hudak, 2021. "Green Growth in the OECD Countries: A Multivariate Analytical Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.

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