IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i15p3861-d391137.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Conceptual Approach on Feasible Hydrogen Contents for Retrofit of CNG to HCNG under Heavy-Duty Spark Ignition Engine at Low-to-Middle Speed Ranges

Author

Listed:
  • Bum Youl Park

    (Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Graduate School, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa 1-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Korea)

  • Ki-Hyung Lee

    (Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa 1-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Korea)

  • Jungsoo Park

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea)

Abstract

Hydrogen-based engines are progressively becoming more important with the increasing utilization of hydrogen and layouts (e.g., onboard reforming systems) in internal combustion engines. To investigate the possibility of HICE (hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine), such as an engine with an onboard reforming system, which is introduced as recent technologies, various operating areas and parameters should be considered to obtain feasible hydrogen contents itself. In this study, a virtual hydrogen-added compressed natural gas (HCNG) model is built from a modified 11-L CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine, and a response surface model is derived through a parametric study via the Latin hypercube sampling method. Based on the results, performance and emission trends relative to hydrogen in the HCNG engine system are suggested. The operating conditions are 1000, 1300, and 1500 rpm under full load. For the Latin hypercube sampling method, the dominant variables include spark timing, excess air ratio (i.e., λ CH4+H2 ), and H 2 addition. Under target operating conditions of 1000, 1300, and 1500 rpm, the addition of 6–10% hydrogen enables the virtual HCNG engine to reach similar levels of torque and BSFC (brake specific fuel consumption) compared to same lambda condition of λ CH4 . For the relatively low 1000 rpm speed under conditions similar to those of the base engine, NOx formation is greater than base engine condition, while a similar NOx level can be maintained under the middle speed range (1300 and 1500 rpm) despite hydrogen addition. Upon addition of 6–10% hydrogen under the middle speed operation range, the target engine achieves performance and emission similar to those of the base engine.

Suggested Citation

  • Bum Youl Park & Ki-Hyung Lee & Jungsoo Park, 2020. "Conceptual Approach on Feasible Hydrogen Contents for Retrofit of CNG to HCNG under Heavy-Duty Spark Ignition Engine at Low-to-Middle Speed Ranges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3861-:d:391137
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3861/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3861/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bogarra, M. & Herreros, J.M. & Tsolakis, A. & York, A.P.E. & Millington, P.J., 2016. "Study of particulate matter and gaseous emissions in gasoline direct injection engine using on-board exhaust gas fuel reforming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 245-255.
    2. Zhao, Jianbiao & Ma, Fanhua & Xiong, Xingwang & Deng, Jiao & Wang, Lijun & Naeve, Nashay & Zhao, Shuli, 2013. "Effects of compression ratio on the combustion and emission of a hydrogen enriched natural gas engine under different excess air ratio," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 658-665.
    3. Mehra, Roopesh Kumar & Duan, Hao & Juknelevičius, Romualdas & Ma, Fanhua & Li, Junyin, 2017. "Progress in hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) internal combustion engines - A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1458-1498.
    4. Park, Jungsoo & Lee, Kyo Seung & Kim, Min Su & Jung, Dohoy, 2014. "Numerical analysis of a dual-fueled CI (compression ignition) engine using Latin hypercube sampling and multi-objective Pareto optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 278-287.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Łukasz Warguła & Mateusz Kukla & Piotr Lijewski & Michał Dobrzyński & Filip Markiewicz, 2020. "Impact of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Fuel Systems in Small Engine Wood Chippers on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chintala, V. & Subramanian, K.A., 2015. "Experimental investigations on effect of different compression ratios on enhancement of maximum hydrogen energy share in a compression ignition engine under dual-fuel mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 448-462.
    2. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2019. "Pressure drop in the thermochemical recuperators filled with the catalysts of various shapes: A combined experimental and numerical investigation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 462-470.
    3. Moon, Seokyoon & Lee, Yunseok & Seo, Dongju & Lee, Seungin & Hong, Sujin & Ahn, Yun-Ho & Park, Youngjune, 2021. "Critical hydrogen concentration of hydrogen-natural gas blends in clathrate hydrates for blue hydrogen storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    4. Wang, Shuofeng & Ji, Changwei & Zhang, Bo & Cong, Xiaoyu & Liu, Xiaolong, 2016. "Effect of CO2 dilution on combustion and emissions characteristics of the hydrogen-enriched gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 118-126.
    5. Zareei, Javad & Rohani, Abbas & Mazari, Farhad & Mikkhailova, Maria Vladimirovna, 2021. "Numerical investigation of the effect of two-step injection (direct and port injection) of hydrogen blending and natural gas on engine performance and exhaust gas emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    6. Duan, Xiongbo & Li, Yangyang & Liu, Jingping & Guo, Genmiao & Fu, Jianqin & Zhang, Quanchang & Zhang, Shiheng & Liu, Weiqiang, 2019. "Experimental study the effects of various compression ratios and spark timing on performance and emission of a lean-burn heavy-duty spark ignition engine fueled with methane gas and hydrogen blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 558-571.
    7. Di Iorio, Silvana & Sementa, Paolo & Vaglieco, Bianca Maria, 2016. "Analysis of combustion of methane and hydrogen–methane blends in small DI SI (direct injection spark ignition) engine using advanced diagnostics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 99-107.
    8. Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2018. "First law energy analysis of thermochemical waste-heat recuperation by steam methane reforming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 478-487.
    9. Wen, Lei & Song, Qianqian, 2023. "ELCC-based capacity value estimation of combined wind - storage system using IPSO algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    10. Qin, Yu & Wu, Jing & Xiao, Benyi & Cong, Ming & Hojo, Toshimasa & Cheng, Jun & Li, Yu-You, 2019. "Strategy of adjusting recirculation ratio for biohythane production via recirculated temperature-phased anaerobic digestion of food waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1235-1245.
    11. Mehra, Roopesh Kumar & Duan, Hao & Juknelevičius, Romualdas & Ma, Fanhua & Li, Junyin, 2017. "Progress in hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) internal combustion engines - A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1458-1498.
    12. Chen, Zhanming & Zhang, Tiancong & Wang, Xiaochen & Chen, Hao & Geng, Limin & Zhang, Teng, 2021. "A comparative study of combustion performance and emissions of dual-fuel engines fueled with natural gas/methanol and natural gas/gasoline," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    13. Lu, Hanan & Li, Qiushi & Pan, Tianyu, 2016. "Optimization of cantilevered stators in an industrial multistage compressor to improve efficiency," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 590-601.
    14. Mehra, Roopesh Kumar & Duan, Hao & Luo, Sijie & Rao, Anas & Ma, Fanhua, 2018. "Experimental and artificial neural network (ANN) study of hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) engine under various ignition timings and excess air ratios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 736-754.
    15. Park, Sangjun & Cho, Jungkeun & Park, Jungsoo & Song, Soonho, 2017. "Numerical study of the performance and NOx emission of a diesel-methanol dual-fuel engine using multi-objective Pareto optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 272-283.
    16. Chen, Zheng & Zhang, Fan & Xu, Boya & Zhang, Quanchang & Liu, Jingping, 2017. "Influence of methane content on a LNG heavy-duty engine with high compression ratio," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 329-336.
    17. Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effect of variable compression ratio and equivalence ratio on performance, combustion and emission of hydrogen port injection SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    18. Heecheong Yoo & Bum Youl Park & Honghyun Cho & Jungsoo Park, 2019. "Performance Optimization of a Diesel Engine with a Two-Stage Turbocharging System and Dual-Loop EGR Using Multi-Objective Pareto Optimization Based on Diesel Cycle Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-26, November.
    19. Colmenar-Santos, Antonio & Zarzuelo-Puch, Gloria & Borge-Diez, David & García-Diéguez, Concepción, 2016. "Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of energy recovery system of biogas from a wastewater treatment plant and use in a Stirling engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 171-184.
    20. Seungmin Kim & Jaesam Sim & Youngsoo Cho & Back-Sub Sung & Jungsoo Park, 2021. "Numerical Study on the Performance and NOx Emission Characteristics of an 800cc MPI Turbocharged SI Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-29, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3861-:d:391137. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.