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Energy Savings in an Office Building with High WWR Using Glazing Systems Combining Thermochromic and Electrochromic Layers

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  • Michaela Detsi

    (Lab. of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Zografou, Greece)

  • Aris Manolitsis

    (Lab. of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Zografou, Greece)

  • Ioannis Atsonios

    (Lab. of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Zografou, Greece)

  • Ioannis Mandilaras

    (Lab. of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Zografou, Greece)

  • Maria Founti

    (Lab. of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 15780 Zografou, Greece)

Abstract

This paper assesses energy savings in terms of heating, cooling, and artificial lighting achieved in an office building with a high Window to Wall Ratio (WWR), located in Athens and Stockholm. Six different configurations of triple pane windows combining thermochromic, electrochromic, and low-e coatings in Insulated Glass Units (IGUs) are examined to quantify the potential of increasing energy savings in office buildings. The combination of electrochromic and thermochromic layers on the outer pane of the triple IGU, achieved an 18.5% and 8.1% reduction in annual primary energy use for Athens and Stockholm, respectively. The used switching strategy ensured the visual comfort of the employees and provided adequate daylight in both cases. It was found that in Stockholm the cooling system can be downsized considerably, achieving important cost reduction in the HVAC system. The analysis also takes into account the reduction of thermal storage in the building envelope due to the switchable windows. This reduction is beneficial in the case of Athens, but it can reduce energy savings in Stockholm. Therefore, for colder climates, it is important to increase window heat gains through the development of layers with higher g-value in the clear state and through the application of appropriate switching strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Michaela Detsi & Aris Manolitsis & Ioannis Atsonios & Ioannis Mandilaras & Maria Founti, 2020. "Energy Savings in an Office Building with High WWR Using Glazing Systems Combining Thermochromic and Electrochromic Layers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:3020-:d:370379
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. DeForest, Nicholas & Shehabi, Arman & Selkowitz, Stephen & Milliron, Delia J., 2017. "A comparative energy analysis of three electrochromic glazing technologies in commercial and residential buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 95-109.
    2. Karolina M. Zielinska-Dabkowska & Kyra Xavia, 2019. "Protect our right to light," Nature, Nature, vol. 568(7753), pages 451-453, April.
    3. Ochoa, Carlos E. & Aries, Myriam B.C. & van Loenen, Evert J. & Hensen, Jan L.M., 2012. "Considerations on design optimization criteria for windows providing low energy consumption and high visual comfort," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 238-245.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mamdooh Alwetaishi & Omrane Benjeddou, 2021. "Impact of Window to Wall Ratio on Energy Loads in Hot Regions: A Study of Building Energy Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Saman Abolghasemi Moghaddam & Catarina Serra & Manuel Gameiro da Silva & Nuno Simões, 2023. "Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Glazing Systems towards Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings: Energy Performance, Thermal Comfort, Cost-Effectiveness, and Environmental Impact Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-30, August.
    3. Sun, Yuying & Li, Yunhe & Xu, Wenjing & Wang, Wei & Wei, Wenzhe & Zhang, Chunxiao, 2023. "A glare predictive control strategy for split-pane electrochromic windows: Visual comfort and energy-saving assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    4. Henriqueta Teixeira & Maria da Glória Gomes & António Moret Rodrigues & Júlia Pereira, 2021. "In-Service Thermal and Luminous Performance Monitoring of a Refurbished Building with Solar Control Films on the Glazing System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-23, March.
    5. Anita Prapotnik Brdnik, 2021. "Thermal Performance Optimization of Double and Triple Glazing Systems for Slovenian Climate Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-33, October.
    6. Mohammed Lami & Faris Al-naemi & Hameed Alrashidi & Walid Issa, 2022. "Quantifying of Vision through Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Double-Glazed Window," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, April.
    7. Shen, Yi & Xue, Peng & Luo, Tao & Zhang, Yanyun & Tso, Chi Yan & Zhang, Nan & Sun, Yuying & Xie, Jingchao & Liu, Jiaping, 2022. "Regional applicability of thermochromic windows based on dynamic radiation spectrum," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 15-27.
    8. Jae-Hyang Kim & Jongin Hong & Seung-Hoon Han, 2021. "Optimized Physical Properties of Electrochromic Smart Windows to Reduce Cooling and Heating Loads of Office Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-30, February.

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