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Study on the Cooling Effect of Attached Fins on PV Using CFD Simulation

Author

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  • Jaemin Kim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63, Geomjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea)

  • Yujin Nam

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63, Geomjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea)

Abstract

The issue of efficiency decrease according to temperature increase is a pending problem in the PV market. Several active and passive technologies have been suggested but few quantitative studies on the estimation of the cooling effect have been carried out. In this study, a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation model was developed to analyze a passive cooling technology using fins attached to the back of the PV module. Furthermore, a method to improve airflow at the back of the PV module by forming slits in the frame was analyzed. The simulation model reproduced the indoor test that uses a solar simulator and the cooling performance was analyzed according to the shape of the fins and the presence of slits. In the simulation results, the surface temperature and expected electrical efficiency without cooling were 62.78 °C and 13.24% respectively under nominal operating cell temperature conditions. Moreover, the temperature reduced by approximately 15.13 °C because the fins attached at the bottom of the PV module increased the heat transfer area with airflow. Thus, the electrical efficiency according to the PV module temperature was predicted as 14.39%. Furthermore, when slits were installed between the fins, they increased the airflow velocity and accelerated the formation of turbulence, thereby improving the cooling performance of the fins. The simulation results showed that the temperature could be further reduced by approximately 8.62 °C at a lower air velocity. As the fins and slits can also reduce the non-uniformity of the temperature, they are expected to supplement the efficiency and durability reduction of the PV modules caused by the hot spot phenomenon. In addition, it was shown that slits in the frame could further improve the cooling performance of the fins at a low-velocity airflow.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaemin Kim & Yujin Nam, 2019. "Study on the Cooling Effect of Attached Fins on PV Using CFD Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:758-:d:208791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Teo, H.G. & Lee, P.S. & Hawlader, M.N.A., 2012. "An active cooling system for photovoltaic modules," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 309-315.
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    1. Antonio D’Angola & Diana Enescu & Marianna Mecca & Alessandro Ciocia & Paolo Di Leo & Giovanni Vincenzo Fracastoro & Filippo Spertino, 2020. "Theoretical and Numerical Study of a Photovoltaic System with Active Fluid Cooling by a Fully-Coupled 3D Thermal and Electric Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    2. Khan, Sheher Yar & Waqas, Adeel & Kumar, Mahesh & Liu, Shuli & Shen, Yongliang & Chen, Tingsen & Shoaib, Muhammad & Khan, Muhammad Omair, 2024. "Experimental, numerical, and 4E assessment of photovoltaic module using macro-encapsulation of pure and nano phase change material: A comparative analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    3. Yamuna Munusamy & John Wong Lin Onn & Mohammed Alquraish & Mohamed Kchaou & Sumathi Sethupathi, 2021. "Thermal Performance of Finned Heat Sinks Embedded with Form-Stable Myristic Acid Phase Change Material in Photovoltaic Cooling for Green Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, October.
    4. Alberto Benato & Anna Stoppato, 2019. "An Experimental Investigation of a Novel Low-Cost Photovoltaic Panel Active Cooling System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-24, April.
    5. Gabriella-Stefánia Szabó & Róbert Szabó & Loránd Szabó, 2022. "A Review of the Mitigating Methods against the Energy Conversion Decrease in Solar Panels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.

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