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Real-World Fuel Consumption, Fuel Cost and Exhaust Emissions of Different Bus Powertrain Technologies

Author

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  • Samuel Rodman Oprešnik

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Tine Seljak

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Rok Vihar

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Marko Gerbec

    (Department for Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Tomaž Katrašnik

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

Abstract

Air quality in urban areas is strongly influenced by exhaust emitted by the public transport fleet. The aim of this study was to analyze benefits in the fuel consumption, fuel costs and exhaust emissions when replacing baseline diesel fueled EURO III city buses by the compressed natural gas (CNG)-fueled EURO V buses and by hydraulic series hybrid diesel-fueled EURO V buses. Real-world measurements were performed on the regular bus route to access realistic energy consumption and exhaust emissions. Instantaneous gaseous emission (CO 2 , CO, NO x and THC) were measured together with the instantaneous PM 10 mass emission. Innovativeness of the presented approach thus arises from the systematic comparison of different powertrain technologies under real-world drive cycles and measuring time traces of not only gaseous but also of PM 10 mass emissions. Furthermore, lumped cycle averaged emissions are interpreted and explained by typical powertrain performance parameters and exhaust emission time traces. Cumulative results indicate that application of the CNG fueled buses does not necessary reduce CO 2 emissions compared to diesel-fueled buses whereas reduction in fuel costs is evident. Additionally, it is shown that hybrid operation of the hydraulic series hybrid diesel-fueled bus resulted in higher fuel consumption due to poorly optimized hybrid topology and control strategy. Furthermore, analyses of the time traces point out inadequate lambda control of CNG-fueled buses and nucleation mode-based particle number emissions during deceleration.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Rodman Oprešnik & Tine Seljak & Rok Vihar & Marko Gerbec & Tomaž Katrašnik, 2018. "Real-World Fuel Consumption, Fuel Cost and Exhaust Emissions of Different Bus Powertrain Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:8:p:2160-:d:164413
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2021. "Effects of passenger load, road grade, and congestion level on real-world fuel consumption and emissions from compressed natural gas and diesel urban buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PB).
    2. Ilya Kulikov & Andrey Kozlov & Alexey Terenchenko & Kirill Karpukhin, 2020. "Comparative Study of Powertrain Hybridization for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Equipped with Diesel and Gas Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Bogdan Ovidiu Varga & Florin Mariasiu & Cristian Daniel Miclea & Ioan Szabo & Anamaria Andreea Sirca & Vlad Nicolae, 2020. "Direct and Indirect Environmental Aspects of an Electric Bus Fleet Under Service," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, January.
    4. Rosero, Fredy & Fonseca, Natalia & López, José-María & Casanova, Jesús, 2020. "Real-world fuel efficiency and emissions from an urban diesel bus engine under transient operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    5. Skrúcaný Tomáš & Majerník Filip & Kendra Martin & Čechovič Tomáš & Pečman Jan, 2021. "Assessing the Energy Intensity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of the Traffic Services in a Selected Region," LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, Sciendo, vol. 12(1), pages 25-35, May.

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