IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i11p1836-d118301.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Electrolyzers Enhancing Flexibility in Electric Grids

Author

Listed:
  • Manish Mohanpurkar

    (Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA)

  • Yusheng Luo

    (Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA)

  • Danny Terlip

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

  • Fernando Dias

    (Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA)

  • Kevin Harrison

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

  • Joshua Eichman

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

  • Rob Hovsapian

    (Idaho National Laboratory, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA)

  • Jennifer Kurtz

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA)

Abstract

This paper presents a real-time simulation with a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)-based approach for verifying the performance of electrolyzer systems in providing grid support. Hydrogen refueling stations may use electrolyzer systems to generate hydrogen and are proposed to have the potential of becoming smarter loads that can proactively provide grid services. On the basis of experimental findings, electrolyzer systems with balance of plant are observed to have a high level of controllability and hence can add flexibility to the grid from the demand side. A generic front end controller (FEC) is proposed, which enables an optimal operation of the load on the basis of market and grid conditions. This controller has been simulated and tested in a real-time environment with electrolyzer hardware for a performance assessment. It can optimize the operation of electrolyzer systems on the basis of the information collected by a communication module. Real-time simulation tests are performed to verify the performance of the FEC-driven electrolyzers to provide grid support that enables flexibility, greater economic revenue, and grid support for hydrogen producers under dynamic conditions. The FEC proposed in this paper is tested with electrolyzers, however, it is proposed as a generic control topology that is applicable to any load.

Suggested Citation

  • Manish Mohanpurkar & Yusheng Luo & Danny Terlip & Fernando Dias & Kevin Harrison & Joshua Eichman & Rob Hovsapian & Jennifer Kurtz, 2017. "Electrolyzers Enhancing Flexibility in Electric Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:11:p:1836-:d:118301
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/11/1836/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/11/1836/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Beibei Wang & Xiaocong Liu & Feng Zhu & Xiaoqing Hu & Wenlu Ji & Shengchun Yang & Ke Wang & Shuhai Feng, 2015. "Unit Commitment Model Considering Flexible Scheduling of Demand Response for High Wind Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Jaeyong Chae & Sung-Kwan Joo, 2017. "Demand Response Resource Allocation Method Using Mean-Variance Portfolio Theory for Load Aggregators in the Korean Demand Response Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Nan Zhou & Nian Liu & Jianhua Zhang & Jinyong Lei, 2016. "Multi-Objective Optimal Sizing for Battery Storage of PV-Based Microgrid with Demand Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-24, July.
    4. Yuan Hong & Shengbin Wang & Ziyue Huang, 2017. "Efficient Energy Consumption Scheduling: Towards Effective Load Leveling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-27, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Welbert A. Rodrigues & Thiago R. Oliveira & Lenin M. F. Morais & Arthur H. R. Rosa, 2018. "Voltage and Power Balance Strategy without Communication for a Modular Solid State Transformer Based on Adaptive Droop Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Damien Guilbert & Gianpaolo Vitale, 2020. "Improved Hydrogen-Production-Based Power Management Control of a Wind Turbine Conversion System Coupled with Multistack Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Damien Guilbert & Gianpaolo Vitale, 2019. "Dynamic Emulation of a PEM Electrolyzer by Time Constant Based Exponential Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jiaxin Lu & Weijun Wang & Yingchao Zhang & Song Cheng, 2017. "Multi-Objective Optimal Design of Stand-Alone Hybrid Energy System Using Entropy Weight Method Based on HOMER," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Nian Liu & Cheng Wang & Minyang Cheng & Jie Wang, 2016. "A Privacy-Preserving Distributed Optimal Scheduling for Interconnected Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Donato Morea & Lucilla Bittucci & Arturo Cafaro & Fabiomassimo Mango & Pina Murè, 2021. "Can the Current State Support Mechanisms Help the Growth of Renewable Energies in Wind Markets?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-17, November.
    4. Qi Wang & Ping Chang & Runqing Bai & Wenfei Liu & Jianfeng Dai & Yi Tang, 2019. "Mitigation Strategy for Duck Curve in High Photovoltaic Penetration Power System Using Concentrating Solar Power Station," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-16, September.
    5. Paulino Martinez-Fernandez & Fernando deLlano-Paz & Anxo Calvo-Silvosa & Isabel Soares, 2019. "Assessing Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity (RES-E) Potential Using a CAPM-Analogous Multi-Stage Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, September.
    6. Xiao Han & Ming Zhou & Gengyin Li & Kwang Y. Lee, 2017. "Optimal Dispatching of Active Distribution Networks Based on Load Equilibrium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    7. Hun-Chul Seo, 2017. "New Configuration and Novel Reclosing Procedure of Distribution System for Utilization of BESS as UPS in Smart Grid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Hafiz Mudassir Munir & Haseeb Javed & Muhammad Shahzad & Mohsin Jamil & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "An Energy Management System of Campus Microgrids: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-34, October.
    9. Su Su & Yong Hu & Tiantian Yang & Shidan Wang & Ziqi Liu & Xiangxiang Wei & Mingchao Xia & Yutaka Ota & Koji Yamashita, 2018. "Research on an Electric Vehicle Owner-Friendly Charging Strategy Using Photovoltaic Generation at Office Sites in Major Chinese Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-19, February.
    10. Md. Mahamudul Hasan & Boris Berseneff & Tim Meulenbroeks & Igor Cantero & Sajib Chakraborty & Thomas Geury & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Multi-Objective Co-Design Optimization Framework for Grid-Connected Hybrid Battery Energy Storage Systems: Optimal Sizing and Selection of Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-21, July.
    11. Akhtar Hussain & Van-Hai Bui & Hak-Man Kim, 2017. "Impact Analysis of Demand Response Intensity and Energy Storage Size on Operation of Networked Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, June.
    12. Jiafu Yin & Dongmei Zhao, 2018. "Fuzzy Stochastic Unit Commitment Model with Wind Power and Demand Response under Conditional Value-At-Risk Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, February.
    13. P. Sathishkumar & T. N. V. Krishna & Himanshu & Muhammad Adil Khan & Kamran Zeb & Hee-Je Kim, 2018. "Digital Soft Start Implementation for Minimizing Start Up Transients in High Power DAB-IBDC Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, April.
    14. Mihai Sanduleac & Irina Ciornei & Mihaela Albu & Lucian Toma & Marta Sturzeanu & João F. Martins, 2017. "Resilient Prosumer Scenario in a Changing Regulatory Environment—The UniRCon Solution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-22, November.
    15. Songli Fan & Qian Ai & Longjian Piao, 2018. "Hierarchical Energy Management of Microgrids including Storage and Demand Response," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-23, May.
    16. Paraskevas Panagiotidis & Andrew Effraimis & George A Xydis, 2019. "An R-based forecasting approach for efficient demand response strategies in autonomous micro-grids," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(1), pages 63-80, February.
    17. Muhammad Adil Khan & Kamran Zeb & P. Sathishkumar & Himanshu & S. Srinivasa Rao & Chandu V. V. Muralee Gopi & Hee-Je Kim, 2018. "A Novel Off-Grid Optimal Hybrid Energy System for Rural Electrification of Tanzania Using a Closed Loop Cooled Solar System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-22, April.
    18. Federica Cucchiella & Idiano D’Adamo & Massimo Gastaldi, 2017. "The Economic Feasibility of Residential Energy Storage Combined with PV Panels: The Role of Subsidies in Italy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    19. Ibrahim Alsaidan & Abdulaziz Alanazi & Wenzhong Gao & Hongyu Wu & Amin Khodaei, 2017. "State-Of-The-Art in Microgrid-Integrated Distributed Energy Storage Sizing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, September.
    20. Khalilpour, Kaveh R. & Lusis, Peter, 2020. "Network capacity charge for sustainability and energy equity: A model-based analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:11:p:1836-:d:118301. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.