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Advanced Steam Reforming of Bio-Oil with Carbon Capture: A Techno-Economic and CO 2 Emissions Analysis

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  • Jennifer Reeve

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Oliver Grasham

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Tariq Mahmud

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Valerie Dupont

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

Abstract

A techno-economic analysis has been used to evaluate three processes for hydrogen production from advanced steam reforming (SR) of bio-oil, as an alternative route to hydrogen with BECCS: conventional steam reforming (C-SR), C-SR with CO 2 capture (C-SR-CCS), and sorption-enhanced chemical looping (SE-CLSR). The impacts of feed molar steam to carbon ratio (S/C), temperature, pressure, the use of hydrodesulphurisation pretreatment, and plant production capacity were examined in an economic evaluation and direct CO 2 emissions analysis. Bio-oil C-SR-CC or SE-CLSR may be feasible routes to hydrogen production, with potential to provide negative emissions. SE-CLSR can improve process thermal efficiency compared to C-SR-CCS. At the feed molar steam to carbon ratio (S/C) of 2, the levelised cost of hydrogen (USD 3.8 to 4.6 per kg) and cost of carbon avoided are less than those of a C-SR process with amine-based CCS. However, at higher S/C ratios, SE-CLSR does not have a strong economic advantage, and there is a need to better understand the viability of operating SE-CLSR of bio-oil at high temperatures (>850 °C) with a low S/C ratio (e.g., 2), and whether the SE-CLSR cycle can sustain low carbon deposition levels over a long operating period.

Suggested Citation

  • Jennifer Reeve & Oliver Grasham & Tariq Mahmud & Valerie Dupont, 2022. "Advanced Steam Reforming of Bio-Oil with Carbon Capture: A Techno-Economic and CO 2 Emissions Analysis," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:4:y:2022:i:2:p:18-328:d:802745
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michel Noussan & Pier Paolo Raimondi & Rossana Scita & Manfred Hafner, 2020. "The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-26, December.
    2. Yang, F. & Meerman, J.C. & Faaij, A.P.C., 2021. "Carbon capture and biomass in industry: A techno-economic analysis and comparison of negative emission options," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    3. Tang, Mingchen & Xu, Long & Fan, Maohong, 2015. "Progress in oxygen carrier development of methane-based chemical-looping reforming: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 143-156.
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