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Development of Legumes After Reseeding in Permanent Grassland, as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications

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  • Karin Weggler

    (Landwirtschaftliches Zentrum Baden Württemberg (LAZBW); Grünlandwirtschaft und Futterbau, 88326 Aulendorf, Germany)

  • Ulrich Thumm

    (University of Hohenheim, Institut für Kulturpflanzenwissenschaften, Fachgebiet Nachwachsende Rohstoffe und Bioenergiepflanzen, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Martin Elsaesser

    (Landwirtschaftliches Zentrum Baden Württemberg (LAZBW); Grünlandwirtschaft und Futterbau, 88326 Aulendorf, Germany
    University of Hohenheim, Institut für Kulturpflanzenwissenschaften, Fachgebiet Nachwachsende Rohstoffe und Bioenergiepflanzen, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

Abstract

Legumes in grassland can increase locally grown protein in fodder while reducing the nitrogen (N)-fertilizer requirements. Although the benefits of forage legumes are known, there was a decline in their use in the past due to inexpensive N-fertilizer, soya products from abroad, and variable legume persistence. In recent years, mounting environmental concern has sparked new interest in legumes. To quantify the effect of legume reseeding and N-application on permanent grassland on crude protein (CP) and dry matter yield (DM), a multifactorial trial was set up. Factors considered were clover species (red clover, white clover), N-application rate (0–170 kg N ha −1 ), N-fertilizer type (mineral-N, organic-N), and cutting management (3, 5-cut). Legume percentages were scored, and DM- and CP-yield was measured for three years. Crude-protein gains after legume reseeding were considerable and between 2.5–3.4 after red clover and 0.4–1.7 t CP ha −1 3 years −1 after white clover-reseeding even when compared to the control-high-N treatment. Legume percentages were negatively correlated to N-rates down to rates as low as 42 or 85 kg N ha −1 for a three- or five-cut management, respectively. Nitrogen-applications increased the yield (DM, CP) of control plots, whereas for legume-reseeded plots yield remained unchanged or was reduced. Differences due to N-fertilizer type were small or non-existent. Reseeding of clover was shown to be a viable method to increase crude protein in permanent grassland for about three years (red clover) and possibly beyond (white clover).

Suggested Citation

  • Karin Weggler & Ulrich Thumm & Martin Elsaesser, 2019. "Development of Legumes After Reseeding in Permanent Grassland, as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:9:y:2019:i:10:p:207-:d:269248
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Tilman & Kenneth G. Cassman & Pamela A. Matson & Rosamond Naylor & Stephen Polasky, 2002. "Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices," Nature, Nature, vol. 418(6898), pages 671-677, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sandra Dullau & Knut Rydgren & Anita Kirmer & Urs Georg Jäger & Maren Helen Meyer & Sabine Tischew, 2021. "The Dessau Grassland Experiment—Impact of Fertilization on Forage Quality and Species Assembly in a Species-Rich Alluvial Meadow," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-21, April.
    2. Cristian J. Moscoso & Fernando Ortega-Klose & Alejandra Acuña, 2021. "Are Chilean Pasture Seed End-Users Adopting New Species? Trends and Joinpoint Regression Analysis of the Last 19 Years of Seed Imports," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, June.

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