IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v15y2025i9p939-d1642846.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Global Optimization and Control of Greenhouse Climate Setpoints for Energy Saving and Crop Yield Increase

Author

Listed:
  • Yuanping Su

    (College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China)

  • Lihong Xu

    (College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

The greenhouse climate setpoint is an important factor that can affect the energy consumption of greenhouse climate regulation. Therefore, optimising the setpoint is an effective way to save energy. This work proposes a novel global optimization and control approach for the greenhouse climate setpoint. In the proposed method, an interpolation control method is used to simulate the entire control process in order to evaluate the energy consumption and crop yield. Based on the estimated energy consumption and crop yield samples, a surrogate-based global optimisation approach is introduced to find the optimal setpoints of the greenhouse climate. In contrast to the steady-state global optimisation of the setpoint, the proposed dynamic global optimisation can save energy by 27%, and the crop yield can be improved by 25%. The optimisation results indicate that the prices of CO 2 and crop products can significantly influence the setpoints of CO 2 concentration and temperature inside the greenhouse. In the considered simulation case, when the selling price of a crop product is lower than 10 CNY/kg, the total profit is negative, the setpoint of CO 2 concentration reaches the lower bound, and the temperature setpoint is only 13.05 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuanping Su & Lihong Xu, 2025. "Global Optimization and Control of Greenhouse Climate Setpoints for Energy Saving and Crop Yield Increase," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-30, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:15:y:2025:i:9:p:939-:d:1642846
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/9/939/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/9/939/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ajagekar, Akshay & Decardi-Nelson, Benjamin & You, Fengqi, 2024. "Energy management for demand response in networked greenhouses with multi-agent deep reinforcement learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    2. van Beveren, P.J.M. & Bontsema, J. & van Straten, G. & van Henten, E.J., 2015. "Optimal control of greenhouse climate using minimal energy and grower defined bounds," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 509-519.
    3. Yongtao Shen & Ruihua Wei & Lihong Xu, 2018. "Energy Consumption Prediction of a Greenhouse and Optimization of Daily Average Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Zhang, Menghang & Yan, Tingxiang & Wang, Wei & Jia, Xuexiu & Wang, Jin & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2022. "Energy-saving design and control strategy towards modern sustainable greenhouse: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    5. Golzar, Farzin & Heeren, Niko & Hellweg, Stefanie & Roshandel, Ramin, 2018. "A novel integrated framework to evaluate greenhouse energy demand and crop yield production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 487-501.
    6. Ouazzani Chahidi, Laila & Fossa, Marco & Priarone, Antonella & Mechaqrane, Abdellah, 2021. "Energy saving strategies in sustainable greenhouse cultivation in the mediterranean climate – A case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shaival Nagarsheth & Kodjo Agbossou & Nilson Henao & Mathieu Bendouma, 2025. "The Advancements in Agricultural Greenhouse Technologies: An Energy Management Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-30, April.
    2. Lin, Dong & Dong, Yun & Ren, Zhiling & Zhang, Lijun & Fan, Yuling, 2024. "Hierarchical optimization for the energy management of a greenhouse integrated with grid-tied photovoltaic–battery systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 374(C).
    3. Liu, Yi & Xu, Xiao & Xu, Lixiong & Liu, Youbo & Liu, Junyong & Hu, Weihao & Yang, Nan & Jawad, Shafqat & Luo, Yichen, 2025. "Multi-timescale collaborative operation of renewable energy-based power system and Agri-product supply chain considering dynamic energy consumption-based crop growth," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PA).
    4. Zhang, Guanshan & Ding, Xiaoming & Li, Tianhua & Pu, Wenyang & Lou, Wei & Hou, Jialin, 2020. "Dynamic energy balance model of a glass greenhouse: An experimental validation and solar energy analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    5. Xu, Demin & Fei, Shuaipeng & Wang, Zhi & Zhu, Jinyu & Ma, Yuntao, 2024. "Optimum design of Chinese solar greenhouses for maximum energy availability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    6. Katzin, David & van Henten, Eldert J. & van Mourik, Simon, 2022. "Process-based greenhouse climate models: Genealogy, current status, and future directions," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    7. Mingzhi Zhao & Ningbo Wang & Chun Chang & Xiaoming Hu & Yingjie Liu & Lei Liu & Jianan Wang, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of the Filling Mass of Vertical Heat Exchanger Tubes on the Thermal Environment of Arched Greenhouses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-28, July.
    8. Tahery, Danial & Roshandel, Ramin & Avami, Akram, 2021. "An integrated dynamic model for evaluating the influence of ground to air heat transfer system on heating, cooling and CO2 supply in Greenhouses: Considering crop transpiration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 42-56.
    9. Blaud, Pierre Clement & Haurant, Pierrick & Chevrel, Philippe & Claveau, Fabien & Mouraud, Anthony, 2023. "Multi-flow optimization of a greenhouse system: A hierarchical control approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    10. Germán Díaz-Flórez & Jorge Mendiola-Santibañez & Luis Solís-Sánchez & Domingo Gómez-Meléndez & Ivan Terol-Villalobos & Hector Gutiérrez-Bañuelos & Ma. Araiza-Esquivel & Gustavo Espinoza-García & Juan , 2019. "Modeling and Simulation of Temperature and Relative Humidity Inside a Growth Chamber," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    11. Zhang, Menghang & Yan, Tingxiang & Wang, Wei & Jia, Xuexiu & Wang, Jin & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2022. "Energy-saving design and control strategy towards modern sustainable greenhouse: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    12. Katzin, David & Marcelis, Leo F.M. & van Mourik, Simon, 2021. "Energy savings in greenhouses by transition from high-pressure sodium to LED lighting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    13. Costantino, Andrea & Comba, Lorenzo & Sicardi, Giacomo & Bariani, Mauro & Fabrizio, Enrico, 2021. "Energy performance and climate control in mechanically ventilated greenhouses: A dynamic modelling-based assessment and investigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    14. Li, Yiming & Yan, Jun & Li, Zongze & He, Ming & Liu, Xingan & Li, Tianlai, 2024. "A globalized methodology of energy-saving solar greenhouse design in high latitudes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    15. Premaratne Samaranayake & Chelsea Maier & Sachin Chavan & Weiguang Liang & Zhong-Hua Chen & David T. Tissue & Yi-Chen Lan, 2021. "Energy Minimisation in a Protected Cropping Facility Using Multi-Temperature Acquisition Points and Control of Ventilation Settings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-18, September.
    16. Di Martino, Marcello & Namany, Sarah & Mahmood, Farhat & Al-Ansari, Tareq & Linke, Patrick & Pistikopoulos, Efstratios N., 2025. "Food-energy-water nexus considerations in optimal greenhouse farming systems design and operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 379(C).
    17. Carson Kinney & Alireza Dehghani-Sanij & SeyedBijan Mahbaz & Maurice B. Dusseault & Jatin S. Nathwani & Roydon A. Fraser, 2019. "Geothermal Energy for Sustainable Food Production in Canada’s Remote Northern Communities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-25, October.
    18. Hu, Guoqing & You, Fengqi, 2023. "An AI framework integrating physics-informed neural network with predictive control for energy-efficient food production in the built environment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    19. Gianluca Serale & Luca Gnoli & Emanuele Giraudo & Enrico Fabrizio, 2021. "A Supervisory Control Strategy for Improving Energy Efficiency of Artificial Lighting Systems in Greenhouses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Song, Xueyi & Yuan, Junjie & Yang, Chen & Deng, Gaofeng & Wang, Zhichao & Gao, Jubao, 2023. "Carbon dioxide separation performance evaluation of amine-based versus choline-based deep eutectic solvents," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:15:y:2025:i:9:p:939-:d:1642846. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.