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Molecular Characterization and Haplotype Analysis of Low Phytic Acid-1 ( lpa1 ) Gene Governing Accumulation of Kernel Phytic Acid in Subtropically-Adapted Maize

Author

Listed:
  • Vinay Bhatt

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
    AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Noida 201313, India)

  • Vignesh Muthusamy

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Rashmi Chhabra

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Ashvinkumar Katral

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Shridhar Ragi

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Vinay Rojaria

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Gulab Chand

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Govinda Rai Sarma

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Kusuma Kumari Panda

    (AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Noida 201313, India)

  • Ashok Kumar Singh

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

  • Firoz Hossain

    (Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India)

Abstract

Maize is an important food, feed, fodder and industrial crop in addition to being a valuable source of micronutrients. Phytic acid (PA), an anti-nutritional factor in maize, makes crucial minerals inaccessible to monogastric animals. The low phytic acid-1 ( lpa1 ) gene located on chromosome-1S is 7292 bp long with 11 exons, and the recessive lpa1-1 allele reduces the accumulation of PA thereby enhances the bioavailability of essential minerals in maize kernels. Here, we characterized the full-length Lpa1 gene sequence in three mutants ( lpa1-1 ) and seven wild-type ( Lpa1 ) maize inbreds. Sequence analysis revealed 607 polymorphic sites across Lpa1 sequences, indicating wide variability for Lpa1 among the inbreds. Further, SNP from “C” to “T” differentiated wild-type and mutant-type alleles at 1432 amino acid position. Gene-based diversity among 48 diverse maize inbreds using 15 InDel markers revealed the formation of 42 distinct haplotypes; six of which (Hap6, Hap16, Hap17, Hap19 Hap27 and Hap31) were shared by more than one genotype. The number of exons in Lpa1 ranged from 11–19 among maize genotypes and 6–14 among 26 orthologues. Major functional motifs of Lpa1 detected were ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) transporter trans-membrane region and ABC transporter. Phylogenetic tree using nucleotide and protein sequences revealed a closer relationship of maize Lpa1 sequences with Sorghum bicolor , Panicum hallii , Setaria italica and S. viridis . This study offered newer insights into the understanding of the genetic diversity of the Lpa1 gene in maize and related crop-species, and information generated here would further help in exploiting the lpa1 mutant for the enhancement of nutritional value in maize kernels.

Suggested Citation

  • Vinay Bhatt & Vignesh Muthusamy & Rashmi Chhabra & Ashvinkumar Katral & Shridhar Ragi & Vinay Rojaria & Gulab Chand & Govinda Rai Sarma & Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare & Kusuma Kumari Panda & Ashok Kumar , 2023. "Molecular Characterization and Haplotype Analysis of Low Phytic Acid-1 ( lpa1 ) Gene Governing Accumulation of Kernel Phytic Acid in Subtropically-Adapted Maize," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:7:p:1286-:d:1177216
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olaf Erenstein & Moti Jaleta & Kai Sonder & Khondoker Mottaleb & B.M. Prasanna, 2022. "Global maize production, consumption and trade: trends and R&D implications," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 14(5), pages 1295-1319, October.
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