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Potential of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation Practices for the Mitigation of GHG Emissions from Rice Fields: Two Cases in Central Luzon (Philippines)

Author

Listed:
  • Björn Ole Sander

    (International Rice Research Institute, Sustainable Impact Platform, Los Baños 4031, Philippines)

  • Pia Schneider

    (Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Ryan Romasanta

    (International Rice Research Institute, Sustainable Impact Platform, Los Baños 4031, Philippines)

  • Kristine Samoy-Pascual

    (Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119, Philippines)

  • Evangeline B. Sibayan

    (Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119, Philippines)

  • Constancio A. Asis

    (Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119, Philippines
    Department of Primary Industry and Resources, Northern Territory 0801, Australia)

  • Reiner Wassmann

    (International Rice Research Institute, Sustainable Impact Platform, Los Baños 4031, Philippines
    Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany)

Abstract

Reducing methane (CH 4 ) emission from paddy rice production is an important target for many Asian countries in order to comply with their climate policy commitments. National greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory approaches like the Tier-2 approach of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are useful to assess country-scale emissions from the agricultural sector. In paddy rice, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is a promising and well-studied water management technique which, as shown in experimental studies, can effectively reduce CH 4 emissions. However, so far little is known about GHG emission rates under AWD when the technique is fully controlled by farmers. This study assesses CH4 and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes under continuous flooded (CF) and AWD treatments for seven subsequent seasons on farmers’ fields in a pumped irrigation system in Central Luzon, Philippines. Under AWD management, CH 4 emissions were substantially reduced (73% in dry season (DS), 21% in wet season (WS)). In all treatments, CH 4 is the major contributor to the total GHG emission and is, thus, identified as the driving force to the global warming potential (GWP). The contribution of N 2 O emissions to the GWP was higher in CF than in AWD, however, these only offset 15% of the decrease in CH 4 emission and, therefore, did not jeopardize the strong reduction in the GWP. The study proves the feasibility of AWD under farmers’ management as well as the intended mitigation effect. Resulting from this study, it is recommended to incentivize dissemination strategies in order to improve the effectiveness of mitigation initiatives. A comparison of single CH 4 emissions to calculated emissions with the IPCC Tier-2 inventory approach identified that, although averaged values showed a sufficient degree of accuracy, fluctuations for single measurement points have high variation which limit the use of the method for field-level assessments.

Suggested Citation

  • Björn Ole Sander & Pia Schneider & Ryan Romasanta & Kristine Samoy-Pascual & Evangeline B. Sibayan & Constancio A. Asis & Reiner Wassmann, 2020. "Potential of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation Practices for the Mitigation of GHG Emissions from Rice Fields: Two Cases in Central Luzon (Philippines)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:8:p:350-:d:397683
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yueyue Xu & Yingxin Wang & Xiangcheng Ma & Tie Cai & Zhikuan Jia, 2022. "Effect of a Ridge-Furrow Mulching System and Limited Supplementary Irrigation on N 2 O Emission Characteristics and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Fields under Dryland Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, April.
    2. Ginbert P. Cuaton & Laurence L. Delina, 2022. "Two decades of rice research in Indonesia and the Philippines: A systematic review and research agenda for the social sciences," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.

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