Customs Risks of Foreign Trade Projects: Systematization, Sources of Occurrence

The subject of the study is the customs risks of foreign trade projects, identified by the stages of their implementation. The purpose of the study is a preliminary assessment of the impact of customs risks on the economic development of the state, as well as the subsequent development of a scientifically based classification of foreign trade project risks and the development of strategies for managing these risks in the current conditions. Using the canonical correlation method, the role of customs risks in the economic development of the state was assessed. Risks were classified depending on the stage of the life cycle of a foreign trade project. The essential characteristics of customs risks of participants in foreign trade transactions are considered. The sources of customs risks are identified: adjustment of the customs value of goods; change in the classification code of goods; obtaining documentation when carrying out export and import operations. Variations of general approaches to choosing a customs risk management strategy are proposed. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of the specifics of customs risks, revealed through their multifaceted classification and applied in strategies for managing such risks during the implementation of foreign trade projects, as well as in the development of the author’s two-stage methodology for determining the relationship between indicators of customs administration and the economy of countries.