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Directional replicability: When can the factor of two be omitted

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  • Djordjilović, Vera
  • Sofer, Tamar
  • Dreyfuss, Jonathan M.

Abstract

Directional replicability addresses the question of whether an effect studied across n independent studies is present with the same direction in at least r of them, for r≥2. When the expected direction of the effect is not specified in advance, the state of the art recommends assessing replicability separately by combining one-sided p-values for both directions (left and right), and then doubling the smaller of the two resulting combined p-values to account for multiple testing. In this work, we show that this multiplicative correction is not always necessary, and give a sufficient and necessary condition under which it can be safely omitted.

Suggested Citation

  • Djordjilović, Vera & Sofer, Tamar & Dreyfuss, Jonathan M., 2026. "Directional replicability: When can the factor of two be omitted," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:stapro:v:233:y:2026:i:c:s016771522600026x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.spl.2026.110662
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