IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v69y2009i3p420-432.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Concentrated affluence, concentrated disadvantage, and children's readiness for school: A population-based, multi-level investigation

Author

Listed:
  • Carpiano, Richard M.
  • Lloyd, Jennifer E.V.
  • Hertzman, Clyde

Abstract

A number of studies demonstrates a relationship between neighbourhood concentration of affluence and disadvantage and the health and development of its residents. We contribute to this literature by testing hypotheses about the relationship between neighbourhood-level concentrated affluence/disadvantage and child-level developmental outcomes in a study population of 37,798 Kindergarten children residing in 433 neighbourhoods throughout the province of British Columbia, Canada. We utilise a previously-validated measure of neighbourhood socioeconomic composition--the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE)--which not only allows for more precise estimation of the competing influences of concentrated affluence and disadvantage, but also facilitates examination of the potential impact of neighbourhood-level income inequality. Our findings show that increases in neighbourhood affluence are associated with increases in children's scores on the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a holistic measure of Kindergarteners' readiness for school. Particularly noteworthy is that, for four of the five EDI scales (physical, social, emotional, and communication) and the total score, results indicate a significant curvilinear relationship - whereby the highest average child-level outcomes are not found in locations with the highest concentrations of affluence, but rather in locations with relatively equal proportions of affluent and disadvantaged families. This finding suggests, first, that concentrated affluence may have diminishing rates of return on contributing to enhanced child development, and, second, that children residing in mixed-income neighbourhoods may benefit both from the presence of affluent residents and from the presence of services and institutions aimed at assisting lower-income residents. Implications and future directions are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Carpiano, Richard M. & Lloyd, Jennifer E.V. & Hertzman, Clyde, 2009. "Concentrated affluence, concentrated disadvantage, and children's readiness for school: A population-based, multi-level investigation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 420-432, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:69:y:2009:i:3:p:420-432
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277-9536(09)00327-X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Weden, Margaret M. & Carpiano, Richard M. & Robert, Stephanie A., 2008. "Subjective and objective neighborhood characteristics and adult health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(6), pages 1256-1270, March.
    2. Schoon, Ingrid & Sacker, Amanda & Bartley, Mel, 2003. "Socio-economic adversity and psychosocial adjustment: a developmental-contextual perspective," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(6), pages 1001-1015, September.
    3. Browning, Christopher R. & Cagney, Kathleen A. & Wen, Ming, 2003. "Explaining variation in health status across space and time: implications for racial and ethnic disparities in self-rated health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(7), pages 1221-1235, October.
    4. Hertzman, Clyde & Power, Chris & Matthews, Sharon & Manor, Orly, 2001. "Using an interactive framework of society and lifecourse to explain self-rated health in early adulthood," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 53(12), pages 1575-1585, December.
    5. Leventhal, T. & Brooks-Gunn, J., 2003. "Moving to Oppurtunity: An Experimental Study of Neighborhood Effects on Mental Health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(9), pages 1576-1582.
    6. Bures, R.M., 2003. "Childhood Residential Stability and Health at Midlife," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(7), pages 1144-1148.
    7. Eibner, Christine & Sturm, Roland, 2006. "US-based indices of area-level deprivation: Results from HealthCare for Communities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 348-359, January.
    8. Douglas Massey, 1996. "The age of extremes: Concentrated affluence and poverty in the twenty-first century," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 33(4), pages 395-412, November.
    9. Lloyd, Jennifer E.V. & Hertzman, Clyde, 2009. "From Kindergarten readiness to fourth-grade assessment: Longitudinal analysis with linked population data," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 111-123, January.
    10. Wen, Ming & Browning, Christopher R. & Cagney, Kathleen A., 2003. "Poverty, affluence, and income inequality: neighborhood economic structure and its implications for health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(5), pages 843-860, September.
    11. Lisa N Oliver & James R Dunn & Dafna E Kohen & Clyde Hertzman, 2007. "Do Neighbourhoods Influence the Readiness to Learn of Kindergarten Children in Vancouver? A Multilevel Analysis of Neighbourhood Effects," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 39(4), pages 848-868, April.
    12. Diez Roux, A.V., 2001. "Investigating neighborhood and area effects on health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(11), pages 1783-1789.
    13. Donna Ginther & Robert Haveman & Barbara Wolfe, 2000. "Neighborhood Attributes as Determinants of Children's Outcomes: How Robust Are the Relationships?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 35(4), pages 603-642.
    14. Macintyre, Sally & Ellaway, Anne & Cummins, Steven, 2002. "Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 125-139, July.
    15. Carpiano, Richard M., 2006. "Toward a neighborhood resource-based theory of social capital for health: Can Bourdieu and sociology help?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 165-175, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Roth, Adam R. & Denney, Justin T. & Amiri, Solmaz & Amram, Ofer, 2020. "Characteristics of place and the rural disadvantage in deaths from highly preventable causes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    2. Serge Atherwood & Gabriela Sánchez-Soto, 2023. "Does Social Class Matter Equally for the Timely Transition Into and Out of College? Evidence from the NLSY97," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 64(1), pages 95-128, February.
    3. Alasdair Rae, 2012. "Spatial patterns of labour market deprivation in Scotland: Concentration, isolation and persistence," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 27(5-6), pages 593-609, August.
    4. Soltanifar M & Pahwa P & Muhajarine N, 2017. "A Multilevel Analysis of the Contribution of Individual, Socioeconomic and Geographical Factors on Kindergarten Children’s Developmental Vulnerability: a Saskatchewan Province Wide Study," Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 3(4), pages 101-114, October.
    5. Catherine Dea & Lise Gauvin & Michel Fournier & Sharon Goldfeld, 2019. "Does Place Matter? An International Comparison of Early Childhood Development Outcomes between the Metropolitan Areas of Melbourne, Australia and Montreal, Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-17, August.
    6. Karen Villanueva & Hannah Badland & Robert Tanton & Ilan Katz & Sally Brinkman & Ju-Lin Lee & Geoffrey Woolcock & Billie Giles-Corti & Sharon Goldfeld, 2019. "Local Housing Characteristics Associated with Early Childhood Development Outcomes in Australian Disadvantaged Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Lauren E. Futrell Dunaway & Alessandra N. Bazzano & Sarah A.O. Gray & Katherine P. Theall, 2021. "Health, Neighborhoods, and School Readiness from the Parent Perspective: A Qualitative Study of Contextual and Socio-Emotional Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-14, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Weden, Margaret M. & Carpiano, Richard M. & Robert, Stephanie A., 2008. "Subjective and objective neighborhood characteristics and adult health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(6), pages 1256-1270, March.
    2. Danan Gu & Haiyan Zhu & Ming Wen, 2015. "Neighborhood-health links: Differences between rural-to-urban migrants and natives in Shanghai," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 33(17), pages 499-524.
    3. Petteway, Ryan J. & Mujahid, Mahasin & Allen, Amani & Morello-Frosch, Rachel, 2019. "The body language of place: A new method for mapping intergenerational “geographies of embodiment” in place-health research," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 51-63.
    4. Wen, Ming & Hawkley, Louise C. & Cacioppo, John T., 2006. "Objective and perceived neighborhood environment, individual SES and psychosocial factors, and self-rated health: An analysis of older adults in Cook County, Illinois," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(10), pages 2575-2590, November.
    5. Verhaeghe, Pieter-Paul & Tampubolon, Gindo, 2012. "Individual social capital, neighbourhood deprivation, and self-rated health in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 349-357.
    6. Reading, Richard & Jones, Andrew & Haynes, Robin & Daras, Konstantinos & Emond, Alan, 2008. "Individual factors explain neighbourhood variations in accidents to children under 5 years of age," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(6), pages 915-927, September.
    7. Seaman, Rosie & Riffe, Tim & Leyland, Alastair H. & Popham, Frank & van Raalte, Alyson, 2019. "The increasing lifespan variation gradient by area-level deprivation: A decomposition analysis of Scotland 1981–2011," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 147-157.
    8. Lloyd, Jennifer E.V. & Hertzman, Clyde, 2009. "From Kindergarten readiness to fourth-grade assessment: Longitudinal analysis with linked population data," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 111-123, January.
    9. McNeill, Lorna Haughton & Kreuter, Matthew W. & Subramanian, S.V., 2006. "Social Environment and Physical activity: A review of concepts and evidence," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(4), pages 1011-1022, August.
    10. Eleonore M Veldhuizen & Karien Stronks & Anton E Kunst, 2013. "Assessing Associations between Socio-Economic Environment and Self-Reported Health in Amsterdam Using Bespoke Environments," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(7), pages 1-10, July.
    11. Stafford, Mai & Cummins, Steven & Ellaway, Anne & Sacker, Amanda & Wiggins, Richard D. & Macintyre, Sally, 2007. "Pathways to obesity: Identifying local, modifiable determinants of physical activity and diet," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(9), pages 1882-1897, November.
    12. De Clercq, B. & Vyncke, V. & Hublet, A. & Elgar, F.J. & Ravens-Sieberer, U. & Currie, C. & Hooghe, M. & Ieven, A. & Maes, L., 2012. "Social capital and social inequality in adolescents’ health in 601 Flemish communities: A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(2), pages 202-210.
    13. Messer, Lynne C. & Vinikoor, Lisa C. & Laraia, Barbara A. & Kaufman, Jay S. & Eyster, Janet & Holzman, Claudia & Culhane, Jennifer & Elo, Irma & Burke, Jessica G. & O'Campo, Patricia, 2008. "Socioeconomic domains and associations with preterm birth," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(8), pages 1247-1257, October.
    14. Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & van Ham, Maarten & Yu, Rongqin & Branje, Susan & Meeus, Wim & Hooimeijer, Pieter, 2016. "Being Poorer than the Rest of the Neighbourhood: Relative Deprivation and Problem Behaviour of Youth," IZA Discussion Papers 10220, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    15. Elisabeth Bügelmayer & Daniel D. Schnitzlein, 2018. "Is it the family or the neighborhood? Evidence from sibling and neighbor correlations in youth education and health," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 16(3), pages 369-388, September.
    16. Peng, Sihui & Yang, Xiaozhao Yousef & Rockett, Ian R.H., 2019. "A typology of social capital and its mixed blessing for suicidal ideation: A multilevel study of college students," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    17. Eva Anna Christina Hart & Jeroen Lakerveld & Martin McKee & Jean-Michel Oppert & Harry Rutter & Hélène Charreire & Ruut Veenhoven & Helga Bárdos & Sofie Compernolle & Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij & Johannes , 2018. "Contextual correlates of happiness in European adults," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, January.
    18. Samuel, Laura J. & Glass, Thomas A. & Thorpe, Roland J. & Szanton, Sarah L. & Roth, David L., 2015. "Household and neighborhood conditions partially account for associations between education and physical capacity in the National Health and Aging Trends Study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 67-75.
    19. Cannas Aghedu, Fabio & Blais, Martin & Philibert, Mathieu & Côté, Isabel & Samoilenko, Mariia & Chamberland, Line, 2022. "Social resource patterns and health outcomes among Canadian LGBTQ2+ adults: A latent class analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    20. Elena Pirani & Silvana Salvini, 2012. "Place of living and health inequality: a study for elderly Italians," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 21(2), pages 211-226, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:69:y:2009:i:3:p:420-432. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.