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Solar stills and evaporators for the treatment of agro-industrial liquid wastes: A review

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  • Nadal-Bach, Joel
  • Bruno, Joan Carles
  • Farnós, Joan
  • Rovira, Miquel

Abstract

Treatment of wastewater in different industrial sectors is a growing great challenge for industry, local communities and governments. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of the art and commercially available solar evaporators for the treatment of agro-industry effluents in order to highlight the main technical barriers and solutions to improve its current implementation. The technology improvements are classified into the following groups: passive systems, active systems, modification of the waste characteristics and optimisation of the operation strategy. Passive systems increase the productivity from 10% to 104% improving the heat and mass transfer enhancing the energy efficiency. Active systems like Photovoltaics (PV) improve the productivity with extra heat addition like solar collectors or with energy addition like heat pumps. Active systems performance increase when combined with passive systems like pin fins and fibres that improve the heat transfer rates. A little note of similar commercial and research systems is presented.

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  • Nadal-Bach, Joel & Bruno, Joan Carles & Farnós, Joan & Rovira, Miquel, 2021. "Solar stills and evaporators for the treatment of agro-industrial liquid wastes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:142:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121001209
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110825
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    Cited by:

    1. Arunkumar, T. & Lim, Hyeong Woo & Lee, Sang Joon, 2022. "A review on efficiently integrated passive distillation systems for active solar steam evaporation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).

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