A novel three-dimensional dual-cosine wake model for wind turbine full wake predictions

This study proposes a three-dimensional (3D) full wake model to accurately predict the near and far wake effects of wind turbines. First, a new one-dimensional wake radius and velocity model adaptive to the full wake region is proposed, considering near wake effects, based on the entrainment hypothesis. Followed by the adoption of a simple dual-cosine function to modify the velocity distribution of the near wake region. Lastly, the 3D full wake model is developed to capture the 3D wake distribution of a wind turbine by incorporating wind shear effects. The accuracy of the proposed wake model is validated through a series of test cases. Overall, the results indicate that the proposed model can effectively capture wake velocity distribution in both the vertical and horizontal directions across the full wake region. Compared to conventional entrainment-based and full wake models, the proposed model performs better in terms of the prediction accuracy of wake centerline velocity and velocity profiles. In particular, in the near wake region, the proposed model shows the lowest error among the compared wake models. Given these advantages, the proposed model holds significant potential for broad application in the engineering field of wind farms.