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Strategy for the design and operation regulation of compressed gas energy storage system based on a comprehensive comparison between four different systems: Thermodynamic analysis and machine learning

Author

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  • Li, Yupeng
  • Gao, Jianmin
  • Xie, Min
  • Zhang, Yu
  • Dong, Heming
  • Du, Qian
  • Zhang, Songsong

Abstract

This paper optimized the flow distribution of heat-exchanging CO2 in adsorption based compressed CO2 energy storage system (A-CCES). A comparative analysis among compressed air energy storage system (CAES), liquid compressed CO2 energy storage system (L-CCES) and A-CCES under similar design conditions was carried out. The round-trip efficiency (RTE) of A-CCES is 17.56% higher than that of CAES reaching 88.26%, and energy storage density (ESD) is 2.4 times that of CAES reaching 6.28 kWh/m3. Based on the results of sensitive analysis, a machine learning study was conducted to quantify the impact weights of each parameter on system performance and to analyze the coupling effects of dual-parameter variations on system performance. Increasing hot storage tank (HT) temperature and isentropic efficiency of turbine simultaneously can achieve an effect for improving RTE of more than twice for increasing individual parameters. For improving ESD, enhancing HT temperature and HPT pressure simultaneously can achieve an enhancement effect of more than twice for increasing individual parameters. To balance both RTE and ESD, HT temperatures and HPT pressure need to be increased, at the maximum level of isentropic efficiency for turbomachinery.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Yupeng & Gao, Jianmin & Xie, Min & Zhang, Yu & Dong, Heming & Du, Qian & Zhang, Songsong, 2026. "Strategy for the design and operation regulation of compressed gas energy storage system based on a comprehensive comparison between four different systems: Thermodynamic analysis and machine learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:257:y:2026:i:c:s0960148125024589
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124794
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