IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v247y2025ics0960148125006822.html

Heat pumps’ impact on the requirement for grid-scale energy storage in the UK

Author

Listed:
  • Cárdenas, Bruno
  • Garvey, Seamus
  • Baniamerian, Zahra
  • Mehdipour, Ramin

Abstract

This paper explores the potential effect that the widespread utilisation of heat pumps in the UK could have on a future 100 % renewable-based electricity grid and the requirement for energy storage capacity. The study considers different penetrations of heat pumps. Different mixes of wind and solar, levels of over-generation and combinations between energy storage technologies are analysed to determine the configuration that minimises the total cost of electricity (TCoE).

Suggested Citation

  • Cárdenas, Bruno & Garvey, Seamus & Baniamerian, Zahra & Mehdipour, Ramin, 2025. "Heat pumps’ impact on the requirement for grid-scale energy storage in the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:247:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125006822
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123020
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148125006822
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2025.123020?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Blanco, Herib & Faaij, André, 2018. "A review at the role of storage in energy systems with a focus on Power to Gas and long-term storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1049-1086.
    2. Jianan Chen & Binyan Jiang & Jialiang Li, 2023. "Nonparametric instrument model averaging," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(4), pages 905-926, October.
    3. Sinden, Graham, 2007. "Characteristics of the UK wind resource: Long-term patterns and relationship to electricity demand," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 112-127, January.
    4. Bruno Cárdenas & Lawrie Swinfen-Styles & James Rouse & Seamus D. Garvey, 2021. "Short-, Medium-, and Long-Duration Energy Storage in a 100% Renewable Electricity Grid: A UK Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-28, December.
    5. Tarkowski, Radoslaw, 2019. "Underground hydrogen storage: Characteristics and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 86-94.
    6. Jidai Wang & Kunpeng Lu & Lan Ma & Jihong Wang & Mark Dooner & Shihong Miao & Jian Li & Dan Wang, 2017. "Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-22, July.
    7. Lämmle, Manuel & Bongs, Constanze & Wapler, Jeannette & Günther, Danny & Hess, Stefan & Kropp, Michael & Herkel, Sebastian, 2022. "Performance of air and ground source heat pumps retrofitted to radiator heating systems and measures to reduce space heating temperatures in existing buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    8. Locatelli, Giorgio & Palerma, Emanuele & Mancini, Mauro, 2015. "Assessing the economics of large Energy Storage Plants with an optimisation methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 15-28.
    9. Cárdenas, Bruno & Swinfen-Styles, Lawrie & Rouse, James & Hoskin, Adam & Xu, Weiqing & Garvey, S.D., 2021. "Energy storage capacity vs. renewable penetration: A study for the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 849-867.
    10. Wilson, Ian Allan Grant & McGregor, Peter G. & Hall, Peter J., 2010. "Energy storage in the UK electrical network: Estimation of the scale and review of technology options," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 4099-4106, August.
    11. Schill, Wolf-Peter, 2020. "Electricity Storage and the Renewable Energy Transition," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 4(10), pages 2059-2064.
    12. Cárdenas, Bruno & Ibanez, Roderaid & Rouse, James & Swinfen-Styles, Lawrie & Garvey, Seamus, 2023. "The effect of a nuclear baseload in a zero-carbon electricity system: An analysis for the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 256-272.
    13. Ziwen Gao & Jiahui Zou & Xinyu Zhang & Yanyuan Ma, 2023. "Frequentist model averaging for envelope models," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 50(3), pages 1325-1364, September.
    14. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    15. Denholm, Paul & Hand, Maureen, 2011. "Grid flexibility and storage required to achieve very high penetration of variable renewable electricity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1817-1830, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cárdenas, Bruno & Ibanez, Roderaid & Rouse, James & Swinfen-Styles, Lawrie & Garvey, Seamus, 2023. "The effect of a nuclear baseload in a zero-carbon electricity system: An analysis for the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 256-272.
    2. Cárdenas, Bruno & Swinfen-Styles, Lawrie & Rouse, James & Hoskin, Adam & Xu, Weiqing & Garvey, S.D., 2021. "Energy storage capacity vs. renewable penetration: A study for the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 849-867.
    3. Javier L'opez Prol & Wolf-Peter Schill, 2020. "The Economics of Variable Renewables and Electricity Storage," Papers 2012.15371, arXiv.org.
    4. Cosgrove, Paul & Roulstone, Tony & Zachary, Stan, 2023. "Intermittency and periodicity in net-zero renewable energy systems with storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 299-307.
    5. King, Marcus & Jain, Anjali & Bhakar, Rohit & Mathur, Jyotirmay & Wang, Jihong, 2021. "Overview of current compressed air energy storage projects and analysis of the potential underground storage capacity in India and the UK," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    6. Hasan, Mohammad Hasibul & Keiner, Dominik & Breyer, Christian, 2025. "Techno-economic analysis of inter-annual energy storage and overcapacity in 100 % renewable energy systems for 145 regions globally," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 401(PB).
    7. Jun Zhao & Xiaonan Wang & Jinsheng Chu, 2022. "The Strategies for Increasing Grid-Integrated Share of Renewable Energy with Energy Storage and Existing Coal Fired Power Generation in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-18, June.
    8. Antweiler, Werner, 2021. "Microeconomic models of electricity storage: Price Forecasting, arbitrage limits, curtailment insurance, and transmission line utilization," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    9. Lai, Chun Sing & McCulloch, Malcolm D., 2017. "Levelized cost of electricity for solar photovoltaic and electrical energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 191-203.
    10. Papadakis C. Nikolaos & Fafalakis Marios & Katsaprakakis Dimitris, 2023. "A Review of Pumped Hydro Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-39, June.
    11. Diana Enescu & Gianfranco Chicco & Radu Porumb & George Seritan, 2020. "Thermal Energy Storage for Grid Applications: Current Status and Emerging Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, January.
    12. Jeanmonod, Guillaume & Wang, Ligang & Diethelm, Stefan & Maréchal, François & Van herle, Jan, 2019. "Trade-off designs of power-to-methane systems via solid-oxide electrolyzer and the application to biogas upgrading," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 572-581.
    13. Jahanbakhsh, Amir & Louis Potapov-Crighton, Alexander & Mosallanezhad, Abdolali & Tohidi Kaloorazi, Nina & Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes, 2024. "Underground hydrogen storage: A UK perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    14. Guerra, K. & Haro, P. & Gutiérrez, R.E. & Gómez-Barea, A., 2022. "Facing the high share of variable renewable energy in the power system: Flexibility and stability requirements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    15. Guelpa, Elisa & Bischi, Aldo & Verda, Vittorio & Chertkov, Michael & Lund, Henrik, 2019. "Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 2-21.
    16. Ningning Lian & Wentao Ji & Jie Chen, 2025. "Research on the Safety Risk Analysis Framework and Control System for Multi-Type New Energy Storage Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    17. Meng, Hui & Wang, Meihong & Olumayegun, Olumide & Luo, Xiaobo & Liu, Xiaoyan, 2019. "Process design, operation and economic evaluation of compressed air energy storage (CAES) for wind power through modelling and simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 923-936.
    18. Okazaki, Toru, 2020. "Electric thermal energy storage and advantage of rotating heater having synchronous inertia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 563-574.
    19. Vecchi, Andrea & Naughton, James & Li, Yongliang & Mancarella, Pierluigi & Sciacovelli, Adriano, 2020. "Multi-mode operation of a Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) plant providing energy arbitrage and reserve services – Analysis of optimal scheduling and sizing through MILP modelling with integrated thermodynamic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    20. de Sisternes, Fernando J. & Jenkins, Jesse D. & Botterud, Audun, 2016. "The value of energy storage in decarbonizing the electricity sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 368-379.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:247:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125006822. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.