IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v245y2025ics096014812500477x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of reductions in CO, PAHs and PM emissions in a forced-draft biomass gasification cookstove

Author

Listed:
  • Valencia-López, A.M.
  • Romero-Menco, F.
  • Bustamante, F.
  • Pérez, J.F.

Abstract

Forced-draft biomass gasification cookstoves (BGC) enhance thermal efficiency and reduce carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) emissions compared to traditional combustion stoves. However, their impact on co-emitted toxics, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is less studied. We experimentally evaluated the performance of a wood-pellets BGC and a wood-logs 3-Stone Fire (3SF) stove to assess the potential impact on indoor air quality. The BGC doubled the 3SF's efficiency and reduced CO, CO2, SO2, and total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) by 85 %, 23 %, 97 %, and 82 %, respectively. PAHs in the gas phase (mainly naphthalene and phenanthrene) decreased by over 41 %, while PAHs in TSPM—primarily with 4- to 6-ring aromatics—dropped by more than 98 %. TSPM analysis revealed chain-like agglomerates and independent spheres in the BGC emissions, compared to the amorphous, tar-like material from the 3SF. BGC-emitted TSPM contained 64 % less volatile material and 66 % more fixed carbon. Its FTIR spectra showed fewer oxygenated compounds and more methyl, methylene, and methine groups bonded to aromatic rings. These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of using pelletized biomass in a BGC under controlled air-feed conditions, which could inform improved cookstove programs currently being developed in regions such as Latin America.

Suggested Citation

  • Valencia-López, A.M. & Romero-Menco, F. & Bustamante, F. & Pérez, J.F., 2025. "Assessment of reductions in CO, PAHs and PM emissions in a forced-draft biomass gasification cookstove," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s096014812500477x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122815
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096014812500477X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2025.122815?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kshirsagar, Milind P. & Kalamkar, Vilas R., 2014. "A comprehensive review on biomass cookstoves and a systematic approach for modern cookstove design," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 580-603.
    2. Ruiz, J.A. & Juárez, M.C. & Morales, M.P. & Muñoz, P. & Mendívil, M.A., 2013. "Biomass gasification for electricity generation: Review of current technology barriers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 174-183.
    3. Brian Gumino & Nicholas A. Pohlman & Jonathan Barnes & Paul Wever, 2020. "Design Features and Performance Evaluation of Natural-Draft, Continuous Operation Gasifier Cookstove," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Sedighi, Mohammadreza & Salarian, Hesamoddin, 2017. "A comprehensive review of technical aspects of biomass cookstoves," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 656-665.
    5. Kirch, Thomas & Medwell, Paul R. & Birzer, Cristian H. & van Eyk, Philip J., 2020. "Small-scale autothermal thermochemical conversion of multiple solid biomass feedstock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 1261-1270.
    6. Berrueta, Víctor M. & Edwards, Rufus D. & Masera, Omar R., 2008. "Energy performance of wood-burning cookstoves in Michoacan, Mexico," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 859-870.
    7. Lynne T. Haber & Alison M. Pecquet & Melissa J. Vincent & Louise M. White, 2022. "The Long Goodbye: Finally Moving on from the Relative Potency Approach to a Mixtures Approach for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-25, August.
    8. Hernández, J.J. & Ballesteros, R. & Aranda, G., 2013. "Characterisation of tars from biomass gasification: Effect of the operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 333-342.
    9. Sutar, Kailasnath B. & Kohli, Sangeeta & Ravi, M.R., 2017. "Design, development and testing of small downdraft gasifiers for domestic cookstoves," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 447-460.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Raman, P. & Ram, N.K. & Murali, J., 2014. "Improved test method for evaluation of bio-mass cook-stoves," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 479-495.
    2. Hernández, J.J. & Saffe, A. & Collado, R. & Monedero, E., 2020. "Recirculation of char from biomass gasification: Effects on gasifier performance and end-char properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 806-813.
    3. Malla, Sunil & Timilsina, Govinda R, 2014. "Household cooking fuel choice and adoption of improved cookstoves in developing countries : a review," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6903, The World Bank.
    4. Huda, A.S.N. & Mekhilef, S. & Ahsan, A., 2014. "Biomass energy in Bangladesh: Current status and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 504-517.
    5. Liu, Zihan & Li, Pan & Chang, Chun & Wang, Xianhua & Song, Jiande & Fang, Shuqi & Pang, Shusheng, 2022. "Influence of metal chloride modified biochar on products characteristics from biomass catalytic pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    6. Batidzirai, B. & Mignot, A.P.R. & Schakel, W.B. & Junginger, H.M. & Faaij, A.P.C., 2013. "Biomass torrefaction technology: Techno-economic status and future prospects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 196-214.
    7. Simons, Andrew M. & Beltramo, Theresa & Blalock, Garrick & Levine, David I., 2017. "Using unobtrusive sensors to measure and minimize Hawthorne effects: Evidence from cookstoves," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 68-80.
    8. Lin, Chiou-Liang & Chou, Jing-Dong & Iu, Chi-Hou, 2020. "Effects of second-stage bed materials on hydrogen production in the syngas of a two-stage gasification process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 903-912.
    9. Šuhaj, Patrik & Husár, Jakub & Haydary, Juma & Annus, Július, 2022. "Experimental verification of a pilot pyrolysis/split product gasification (PSPG) unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    10. Sharma, Monikankana & N, Rakesh & Dasappa, S., 2016. "Solid oxide fuel cell operating with biomass derived producer gas: Status and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 450-463.
    11. Asadullah, Mohammad, 2014. "Biomass gasification gas cleaning for downstream applications: A comparative critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 118-132.
    12. Yang, S.I. & Wu, M.S. & Wu, C.Y., 2014. "Application of biomass fast pyrolysis part I: Pyrolysis characteristics and products," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 162-171.
    13. Khandelwal, Meena & Hill, Matthew E. & Greenough, Paul & Anthony, Jerry & Quill, Misha & Linderman, Marc & Udaykumar, H.S., 2017. "Why Have Improved Cook-Stove Initiatives in India Failed?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 13-27.
    14. Syed-Hassan, Syed Shatir A. & Wang, Yi & Hu, Song & Su, Sheng & Xiang, Jun, 2017. "Thermochemical processing of sewage sludge to energy and fuel: Fundamentals, challenges and considerations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 888-913.
    15. Elías Hurtado Pérez & Oscar Mulumba Ilunga & David Alfonso Solar & María Cristina Moros Gómez & Paula Bastida-Molina, 2020. "Sustainable Cooking Based on a 3 kW Air-Forced Multifuel Gasification Stove Using Alternative Fuels Obtained from Agricultural Wastes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-15, September.
    16. Jha, Gaurav & Soren, S., 2017. "Study on applicability of biomass in iron ore sintering process," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 399-407.
    17. Alexander N. Kozlov & Nikita V. Tomin & Denis N. Sidorov & Electo E. S. Lora & Victor G. Kurbatsky, 2020. "Optimal Operation Control of PV-Biomass Gasifier-Diesel-Hybrid Systems Using Reinforcement Learning Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, May.
    18. Gabriele Calì & Paolo Deiana & Claudia Bassano & Simone Meloni & Enrico Maggio & Michele Mascia & Alberto Pettinau, 2020. "Syngas Production, Clean-Up and Wastewater Management in a Demo-Scale Fixed-Bed Updraft Biomass Gasification Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.
    19. Zhang, Guozhao & Liu, Hao & Wang, Jia & Wu, Baojia, 2018. "Catalytic gasification characteristics of rice husk with calcined dolomite," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 1173-1177.
    20. Natarianto Indrawan & Betty Simkins & Ajay Kumar & Raymond L. Huhnke, 2020. "Economics of Distributed Power Generation via Gasification of Biomass and Municipal Solid Waste," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-18, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s096014812500477x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.