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Charcoal productivity and quality parameters for reliable classification of Eucalyptus clones from Brazilian energy forests

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  • de Paula Protásio, Thiago
  • Roque Lima, Michael Douglas
  • Scatolino, Mário Vanoli
  • Silva, Alanna Barishinikov
  • Rodrigues de Figueiredo, Izabel Cristina
  • Gherardi Hein, Paulo Ricardo
  • Trugilho, Paulo Fernando

Abstract

Charcoal productivity in brick kilns is controlled by factors such as, the pyrolysis process and kind of raw material, which impose a challenge for the selection of the best clones. This study investigates the tree growth characteristics as a parameter for the improvement of selection and classification of Eucalyptus clones, with the quality and availability required by the steel industry, in addition to the properties of wood and charcoal. Parameters as the diameter at breast height (DBH), total height, and wood basic density (WBD) of fourteen clones were measured. Wood specimens were converted to charcoal in laboratory conditions and the carbonization yields, charcoal properties, and the volume of wood required to produce 1 t of charcoal (specific consumption) were evaluated. Eucalyptus clones with DBH ≥15.1 cm, WBD ≥560 kg/m3, and gravimetric yield ≥35% provided low specific consumption (<5.1 m³/t), increased brick kilns productivity, and resulted in denser charcoals (380 kg/m3). Clones with WBD ≤500 kg/m3 are not recommended for steel charcoal production. The E. urophylla x E. camaldulensis hybrid (clone 1004), E. urophylla (clone 1009), and E. grandis hybrid (clone 1039) highlighted due to the productivity, bioreducer quality, and specific consumption (<5.2 m³/t).

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  • de Paula Protásio, Thiago & Roque Lima, Michael Douglas & Scatolino, Mário Vanoli & Silva, Alanna Barishinikov & Rodrigues de Figueiredo, Izabel Cristina & Gherardi Hein, Paulo Ricardo & Trugilho, Pau, 2021. "Charcoal productivity and quality parameters for reliable classification of Eucalyptus clones from Brazilian energy forests," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 34-45.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:164:y:2021:i:c:p:34-45
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.057
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    1. Baker, J.S. & Wade, C.M. & Sohngen, B.L. & Ohrel, S. & Fawcett, A.A., 2019. "Potential complementarity between forest carbon sequestration incentives and biomass energy expansion," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 391-401.
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    1. da Silva Carvalho, Nayara Tamires & Silveira, Edgar A. & de Paula Protásio, Thiago & Mendoza-Martinez, Clara & Bianchi, Maria Lúcia & Trugilho, Paulo Fernando, 2025. "Optimizing catalytic hydrothermal carbonization of Eucalyptus grandis sawdust for enhanced biomass energy production: Statistical analysis and insights of sustainable carbon-neutral pathways," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    2. Pereira, Allana Katiussya Silva & Longue Júnior, Dalton & Silva, Álison Moreira da & Cupertino, Gabriela Fontes Mayrinck & Souza, Elias Costa de & Delatorre, Fabíola Martins & Ucella-Filho, João Gilbe, 2025. "How pyrolysis conditions shape the structural and functional properties of charcoal? A study of tropical dry forest biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    3. Massuque, Jonas & Roque Lima, Michael Douglas & Müller da Silva, Paulo Henrique & de Paula Protásio, Thiago & Trugilho, Paulo Fernando, 2023. "Potential of charcoal from non-commercial Corymbia and Eucalyptus wood for use in the steel industry," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 179-187.
    4. Lima, Michael Douglas Roque & Bufalino, Lina & Scatolino, Mário Vanoli & Hein, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi & Carneiro, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira & Trugilho, Paulo Fernando & Protásio, Thiago de Paula, 2023. "Segregating Amazonia logging wastes from sustainable forest management improves carbonization in brick kilns," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 772-788.
    5. Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro & Humberto Fauller de Siqueira & Ricardo José Tauffer Barros & Antonio José Vinha Zanuncio & Amélia Guimarães Carvalho & Vicente Toledo Machado de Morais Junior & , 2025. "Circular Economy in Charcoal Production: Valorization of Residues for Increased Efficiency and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-12, April.
    6. Marcin Sajdak & Roksana Muzyka & Grzegorz Gałko & Ewelina Ksepko & Monika Zajemska & Szymon Sobek & Dariusz Tercki, 2022. "Actual Trends in the Usability of Biochar as a High-Value Product of Biomass Obtained through Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-30, December.
    7. Santos, Patrícia Leonídia dos & Lima, Michael Douglas Roque & Bufalino, Lina & Hein, Paulo Ricardo Gherardi & Silveira, Edgar A. & Candelier, Kévin & Trugilho, Paulo Fernando & Protásio, Thiago de Pau, 2025. "Exploring the effects of slow pyrolysis temperature and species on the quality of charcoal from Amazonian woody wastes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).

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