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Recycling contaminated soil as alternative raw material in cement facilities: Life cycle assessment

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  • Navia, R.
  • Rivela, B.
  • Lorber, K.E.
  • Méndez, R.

Abstract

Volcanic soil can be used to remove metals from wastewaters. Once used, it is disposed in landfills. The utilization of this material in the cement industry as an alternative raw material was evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. This possibility has been studied from an environmental point of view in a Chilean cement facility, representative of the current operation state of art, including both technical and economic analysis. Two scenarios were compared: Scenario 1, which corresponds to the existing cement production process, and Scenario 2, which represents cement production using spent volcanic soil. With the exception of the categories of carcinogens (C) and minerals (M), the comparative results are favourable to Scenario 2, specially regarding to the category of ecotoxicity (E), mainly due to the avoided landfilling emissions of the volcanic soil. When considering the damage assessment, damage to human health (HH), ecosystem quality (EQ) and resources (R) are lower in Scenario 2. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to study the influence of particular parameters (i.e., transport of spent volcanic soil, CO2 emissions from the clinkerization process and heavy metals leaching from the spent volcanic soil) on the results of the assessment. The use of alternative raw materials (in this case, spent volcanic soil), which present the advantage to be wastes from other technical systems, appear to allow the development of cement production in a more sustainable way, slightly improving the economy of the process. The spent volcanic soil can be treated with zero cost for the wastewater treatment plant with savings of 0.23€ for each tonne of clinker production. Establishing a sound management way for the spent volcanic soil could foment its possible use as mineral adsorbent in industrial wastewater treatment facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Navia, R. & Rivela, B. & Lorber, K.E. & Méndez, R., 2006. "Recycling contaminated soil as alternative raw material in cement facilities: Life cycle assessment," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 339-356.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:339-356
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.01.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hendrik G. van Oss & Amy C. Padovani, 2003. "Cement Manufacture and the Environment Part II: Environmental Challenges and Opportunities," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 7(1), pages 93-126, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Moraes, Carlos Alberto Mendes & Kieling, Amanda Gonçalves & Caetano, Marcelo Oliveira & Gomes, Luciana Paulo, 2010. "Life cycle analysis (LCA) for the incorporation of rice husk ash in mortar coating," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(12), pages 1170-1176.
    2. Xiaoquan Gao & Cuiping Liao & Xiaoling Qi & Yulong Zhang, 2023. "A Scenario Simulation of Material Substitution in the Cement Industry under the Carbon Neutral Strategy: A Case Study of Guangdong," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    3. Cao, Zhi & Shen, Lei & Zhao, Jianan & Liu, Litao & Zhong, Shuai & Yang, Yan, 2016. "Modeling the dynamic mechanism between cement CO2 emissions and clinker quality to realize low-carbon cement," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 116-126.
    4. Kubilay Kaptan & Sandra Cunha & José Aguiar, 2024. "A Review: Construction and Demolition Waste as a Novel Source for CO 2 Reduction in Portland Cement Production for Concrete," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-50, January.

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