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Evaluating equity and accessibility to jobs by public transport across Canada

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  • Deboosere, Robbin
  • El-Geneidy, Ahmed

Abstract

Accessibility, or the ease of reaching destinations, is increasingly being used and examined in both literature and practice. The most common accessibility metric, the cumulative opportunity measure, is often computed as the number of jobs that can be reached within a certain time frame. Aggregating all jobs, however, often inflates the opportunities that can be reached by socially vulnerable residents, which could feed into and/or generate inadequate policy decisions. This study therefore develops the measure of accessibility to low-income jobs for vulnerable residents by public transport, specifically taking into account realized travel times by these vulnerable individuals. This fine-grained measure, computed across 11 major Canadian cities, is a modified place-based accessibility metric that incorporates facets of person-based metrics, allowing planners and policy makers to propose more targeted interventions to improve the quality of life of their cities' most vulnerable populations. The study further allows for direct comparisons between the impacts of variation in accessibility levels between different regions to help create best practices in land use and transport planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Deboosere, Robbin & El-Geneidy, Ahmed, 2018. "Evaluating equity and accessibility to jobs by public transport across Canada," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 54-63.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:73:y:2018:i:c:p:54-63
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.10.006
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    9. Lachapelle, Ugo & Boisjoly, Geneviève, 2023. "Breaking down public transit travel time for more accurate transport equity policies: A trip component approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    10. Lucas, Karen, 2019. "A new evolution for transport-related social exclusion research?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    11. Bi, Hui & Li, Aoyong & Hua, Mingzhuang & Zhu, He & Ye, Zhirui, 2022. "Examining the varying influences of built environment on bike-sharing commuting: Empirical evidence from Shanghai," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 51-65.
    12. Gabriella Vitorino Guimarães & Tálita Floriano Santos & Vicente Aprigliano Fernandes & Jorge Eliécer Córdoba Maquilón & Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva, 2020. "Assessment for the Social Sustainability and Equity under the Perspective of Accessibility to Jobs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-23, December.
    13. Viguié, Vincent & Liotta, Charlotte & Pfeiffer, Basile & Coulombel, Nicolas, 2023. "Can public transport improve accessibility for the poor over the long term? Empirical evidence in Paris, 1968–2010," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    14. Stępniak, Marcin & Pritchard, John P. & Geurs, Karst T. & Goliszek, Sławomir, 2019. "The impact of temporal resolution on public transport accessibility measurement: Review and case study in Poland," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 8-24.
    15. Meijie Chen & Yumin Chen & Xiaoguang Wang & Huangyuan Tan & Fenglan Luo, 2019. "Spatial Difference of Transit-Based Accessibility to Hospitals by Regions Using Spatially Adjusted ANOVA," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, May.
    16. Qianqian Gong & Jiaming Li & Lingzhi Wu & Miner Zhu & Maoyu Luo & Jingyi Sun & Wenqing Fu & Renfeng Ma & Xianjun Liang, 2023. "Exploring Accessibility and Its Impact in the Mountain City: A Typical Case Study of Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-20, January.
    17. Liu, Chang & Bardaka, Eleni, 2021. "The suburbanization of poverty and changes in access to public transportation in the Triangle Region, NC," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    18. Nir Kaplan & Itzhak Omer, 2022. "Multiscale Accessibility—A New Perspective of Space Structuration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, April.
    19. Linovski, Orly & Manaugh, Kevin & Baker, Dwayne Marshall, 2022. "The route not taken: Equity and transparency in unfunded transit proposals," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 77-84.
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    21. Allen, Jeff & Higgins, Christopher D. & Silver, Daniel & Farber, Steven, 2023. "Are low-income residents disproportionately moving away from transit?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    22. Sharma, Gajanand & Patil, Gopal R., 2021. "Public transit accessibility approach to understand the equity for public healthcare services: A case study of Greater Mumbai," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    23. Yang, Lan & Eom, Sunyong & Suzuki, Tsutomu, 2021. "Measuring railway network performance considering accessibility levels in cities worldwide," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    24. Lope, Dinah Jane & Dolgun, Anil, 2020. "Measuring the inequality of accessible trams in Melbourne," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    25. Li, Shengxiao (Alex) & Duan, Hongyu (Anna) & Smith, Tony E. & Hu, Haoyu, 2021. "Time-varying accessibility to senior centers by public transit in Philadelphia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 245-258.

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