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A re-examination of exposure to exchange rate risk: The impact of earnings management and currency derivative usage

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  • Chang, Feng-Yi
  • Hsin, Chin-Wen
  • Shiah-Hou, Shin-Rong

Abstract

In an attempt to explain the weak evidence of priced exchange rate risk, we hypothesize that in addition to currency derivative usages, earnings management serves as another factor contributing to a reduction in exchange rate exposure. Our evidence reveals that earnings management activities, particularly those undertaken for the purpose of income smoothing, significantly reduce firm-specific exchange rate exposure, and that such role is particularly important if appropriate currency derivative instruments are limited. These results complement prior attempts to explain the puzzle of unpriced exchange rate risk. The investigation also highlights the importance of recognizing different managerial purposes behind discretionary accruals.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang, Feng-Yi & Hsin, Chin-Wen & Shiah-Hou, Shin-Rong, 2013. "A re-examination of exposure to exchange rate risk: The impact of earnings management and currency derivative usage," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 3243-3257.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:37:y:2013:i:8:p:3243-3257
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.03.007
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    2. Augustine C. Arize & John Malindretos & Ikechukwu Ndu & Demetri Tsanacas & Neirouz Watad, 2022. "A Survey of Multinational Company Accounting Foreign Exchange Exposure," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 12(2), pages 142-149.
    3. Ekta Sikarwar & Roopak Gupta, 2019. "Economic exposure to exchange rate risk and financial hedging," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 46(4), pages 965-984, August.
    4. Krapl, Alain A., 2017. "Asymmetric foreign exchange cash flow exposure: A firm-level analysis," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 48-72.
    5. Paul E. Holt, 2013. "Critical Elements of Foreign Currency Translation: A Worldwide Informational and Accounting Problem," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 5(2), pages 56-64, November.
    6. Friberg, Richard & Seiler, Thomas, 2017. "Risk and ambiguity in 10-Ks: An examination of cash holding and derivatives use," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 608-631.
    7. Ronald C. Anderson & Mikael C. Bergbrant & Delroy M. Hunter & David M. Reeb, 2023. "Are founding families less willing to bear risk? Evidence from the currency exposure and internationalization strategy of family firms," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 52(1), pages 41-66, March.
    8. Sikarwar, Ekta, 2020. "Forex interventions and exchange rate exposure: Evidence from emerging market firms," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 69-81.
    9. Bruno Freitas Boynard de Vasconcelos & Benjamin Miranda Tabak, 2014. "Banking Systemic Risk, Foreign Funding, Exchange Rate Exposure and Carry Trade: is there a relation?," Working Papers Series 365, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    10. Entrop, Oliver & Merkel, Matthias F., 2018. ""Exchange rate risk" within the European Monetary Union? Analyzing the exchange rate exposure of German firm," Passauer Diskussionspapiere, Betriebswirtschaftliche Reihe B-31-18, University of Passau, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    11. Quang Nguyen & Trang Kim & Marina Papanastassiou, 2018. "Policy uncertainty, derivatives use, and firm-level FDI," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(1), pages 96-126, January.
    12. Augustine C. Arize & John Malindretos & Ikechukwu Ndu & Demetri Tsanacas & Neirouz Watad, 2022. "A Survey of Multinational Company Accounting Foreign Exchange Exposure," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 12(2), pages 128-135.
    13. Fuchs, Fabian U., 2022. "Macroeconomic determinants of foreign exchange rate exposure," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 77-102.
    14. Kumeka, Terver Theophilus & Uzoma-Nwosu, Damian Chidozie & David-Wayas, Maria Onyinye, 2022. "The effects of COVID-19 on the interrelationship among oil prices, stock prices and exchange rates in selected oil exporting economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
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    16. repec:ers:journl:v:vi:y:2018:i:1:p:54-60 is not listed on IDEAS
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    18. Ekta Sikarwar & Ganesh Kumar Nidugala, 2018. "Effect of Central Bank Intervention in Estimating Exchange Rate Exposure: Evidence from an Emerging Market," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 17(1), pages 60-95, April.
    19. Fuchs, Fabian U., 2020. "Macroeconomic determinants of foreign exchange rate exposure," Passauer Diskussionspapiere, Betriebswirtschaftliche Reihe B-42-20, University of Passau, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    20. Augustine C. Arize & Giuliana Campanelli Andreopoulos & Ioannis N. Kallianiotis & John Malindretos, 2018. "MNC Transactions Foreign Exchange Exposure: An Application," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(1), pages 54-60.
    21. Hao, Xiangchao & Sun, Qinru & Xie, Fang, 2022. "International evidence for the substitution effect of FX derivatives usage on bank capital buffer," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    22. Bao Quan Lock & Ei Yet Chu & Saw Imm Song & Lian Yin Lee, 2019. "Exchange Rate Movements, Earnings Management and Stock Returns in Malaysia," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 27(1), pages 53-68.
    23. Entrop, Oliver & Fuchs, Fabian U., 2020. "Implicit currency carry trades of companies," Passauer Diskussionspapiere, Betriebswirtschaftliche Reihe B-41-20, University of Passau, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    24. Kang, Seongill, 2017. "The optimal stringency of accounting regulation to alleviate time inconsistency problems," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 190-210.
    25. Mollick, André Varella & Sakaki, Hamid, 2019. "Exchange rates, oil prices and world stock returns," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 585-602.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Currency derivatives; Earnings management; Exchange rate risk exposure; Hedging;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General

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