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Where are healthcare providers? Exploring relationships between context and human resources for health Madhya Pradesh province, India

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  • De Costa, Ayesha
  • Al-Muniri, Abdullah
  • Diwan, Vinod K.
  • Eriksson, Bo

Abstract

Objective In India, heterogeneous healthcare providers in the public and dominant private sectors serve a diverse population, including those from vulnerable groups, the scheduled castes and tribes. We explored relationships between the distribution of different categories of healthcare providers (public and private); and contextual socioeconomic and demographic variables. Access to healthcare providers for scheduled castes and tribes was specifically studied.Method Set in Madhya Pradesh province (60.4 million), India. Dependent variables included district-wise densities of physicians and paramedics (public and private separately); and unqualified providers (private). Contextual variables included infrastructure, urbanization, economy, female literacy and proportion of scheduled castes and tribes.Results Urbanization was strongly correlated with private physician density; and negatively with paramedical density (public and private). Private paramedical density variation was partially explained by economy. Public physician and paramedical density were positively correlated to district proportions of scheduled tribes. All provider densities (public and private) were negatively related to proportions of scheduled castes.Conclusions Overall density of qualified providers was low. Qualified physicians tended to be more densely situated in the relatively more urban districts. Access to healthcare providers for scheduled castes and tribes is different. More targeted approaches are necessary for improving access for scheduled castes.

Suggested Citation

  • De Costa, Ayesha & Al-Muniri, Abdullah & Diwan, Vinod K. & Eriksson, Bo, 2009. "Where are healthcare providers? Exploring relationships between context and human resources for health Madhya Pradesh province, India," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 41-47, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:hepoli:v:93:y:2009:i:1:p:41-47
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Berman, Peter A., 1998. "Rethinking health care systems: Private health care provision in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(8), pages 1463-1479, August.
    2. Kapur Mehta, Aasha & Shah, Amita, 2003. "Chronic Poverty in India: Incidence, Causes and Policies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 491-511, March.
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    1. Ergler, Christina R. & Sakdapolrak, Patrick & Bohle, Hans-Georg & Kearns, Robin A., 2011. "Entitlements to health care: Why is there a preference for private facilities among poorer residents of Chennai, India?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(3), pages 327-337, February.
    2. De Costa, Ayesha & Johannson, Eva, 2011. "By ‘default or design’? The expansion of the private health care sector in Madhya Pradesh, India," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(2), pages 283-289.
    3. May Sudhinaraset & Matthew Ingram & Heather Kinlaw Lofthouse & Dominic Montagu, 2013. "What Is the Role of Informal Healthcare Providers in Developing Countries? A Systematic Review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(2), pages 1-12, February.
    4. Pushpendra Singh & Virendra Kumar, 2017. "The Rising Burden of Healthcare Expenditure in India: A Poverty Nexus," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 133(2), pages 741-762, September.

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