IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v59y2024ics1544612323011789.html

Who Loses Most When Big Banks Suddenly Fail? Evidence from Silicon Valley Bank Collapse

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Xia
  • Megginson, William
  • Tran, Nhu
  • Wei, Siqi

Abstract

We analyze the market reaction of 137 Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) depositors and 251 SVB borrowers to the bank's collapse. Depositor shares experience a -5.12% abnormal return (AR) on the event date (March 10, 2023), and a -12.38% cumulative abnormal return (CAR) over a 30-day post-event window. More surprisingly, the borrowers also experience a similar event-day AR (-4.16%) and an even worse 30-day post-event CAR (-13.47%). SVB clients have worse CARs if they are smaller, with higher cash holdings, or with lower market-to-book ratios. These results indicate that borrowers appear to suffer more than depositors from SVB's failure.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Xia & Megginson, William & Tran, Nhu & Wei, Siqi, 2024. "Who Loses Most When Big Banks Suddenly Fail? Evidence from Silicon Valley Bank Collapse," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:59:y:2024:i:c:s1544612323011789
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2023.104806
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612323011789
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104806?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ayako Yasuda, 2005. "Do Bank Relationships Affect the Firm's Underwriter Choice in the Corporate‐Bond Underwriting Market?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(3), pages 1259-1292, June.
    2. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Hassan, M.Kabir & Kumari, Vineeta & Hasan, Rashedul, 2023. "Repercussions of the Silicon Valley Bank collapse on global stock markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    3. Ippolito, Filippo & Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Sette, Enrico, 2016. "Double bank runs and liquidity risk management," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(1), pages 135-154.
    4. Postlewaite, Andrew & Vives, Xavier, 1987. "Bank Runs as an Equilibrium Phenomenon," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 95(3), pages 485-491, June.
    5. Ennis, Huberto M. & Keister, Todd, 2006. "Bank runs and investment decisions revisited," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(2), pages 217-232, March.
    6. Ippolito, Filippo & Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Sette, Enrico, 2016. "Double bank runs and liquidity risk management," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(1), pages 135-154.
    7. Douglas W. Diamond & Philip H. Dybvig, 2000. "Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity," Quarterly Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, vol. 24(Win), pages 14-23.
    8. Arnoud W. A. Boot & Anjan V. Thakor, 2000. "Can Relationship Banking Survive Competition?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(2), pages 679-713, April.
    9. Aharon, David Y. & Ali, Shoaib & Naved, Muhammad, 2023. "Too big to fail: The aftermath of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) collapse and its impact on financial markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    10. Azmi, Wajahat & Anwer, Zaheer & Azmi, Shujaat Naeem & Nobanee, Haitham, 2023. "How did major global asset classes respond to Silicon Valley Bank failure?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    11. Levine, Ross & Zervos, Sara, 1998. "Stock Markets, Banks, and Economic Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 88(3), pages 537-558, June.
    12. Sreedhar T. Bharath & Sandeep Dahiya & Anthony Saunders & Anand Srinivasan, 2009. "Lending Relationships and Loan Contract Terms," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 24(4), pages 1141-1203.
    13. Chitru S. Fernando & Anthony D. May & William L. Megginson, 2012. "The Value of Investment Banking Relationships: Evidence from the Collapse of Lehman Brothers," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(1), pages 235-270, February.
    14. repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:6:p:2903-2958 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Ali, Shoaib & Moussa, Faten & Youssef, Manel, 2023. "Connectedness between cryptocurrencies using high-frequency data: A novel insight from the Silicon Valley Banks collapse," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PB).
    16. Rajan, Raghuram G, 1992. "Insiders and Outsiders: The Choice between Informed and Arm's-Length Debt," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 47(4), pages 1367-1400, September.
    17. Diamond, Douglas W, 1991. "Monitoring and Reputation: The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(4), pages 689-721, August.
    18. Ennis, Huberto M. & Keister, Todd, 2003. "Economic growth, liquidity, and bank runs," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 109(2), pages 220-245, April.
    19. Yousaf, Imran & Riaz, Yasir & Goodell, John W., 2023. "The impact of the SVB collapse on global financial markets: Substantial but narrow," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    20. Yousaf, Imran & Goodell, John W., 2023. "Responses of US equity market sectors to the Silicon Valley Bank implosion," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    21. Rajkamal Iyer & Manju Puri, 2012. "Understanding Bank Runs: The Importance of Depositor-Bank Relationships and Networks," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(4), pages 1414-1445, June.
    22. Martins, António Miguel, 2023. "Stock market effects of silicon valley bank and credit suisse failure: evidence for a sample of european listed banks," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PA).
    23. Akhtaruzzaman, Md & Boubaker, Sabri & Goodell, John W., 2023. "Did the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank catalyze financial contagion?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    24. Mark Gertler & Nobuhiro Kiyotaki, 2015. "Banking, Liquidity, and Bank Runs in an Infinite Horizon Economy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(7), pages 2011-2043, July.
    25. James Peck & Karl Shell, 2003. "Bank Portfolio Restrictions and Equilibrium Bank Runs," Levine's Bibliography 666156000000000077, UCLA Department of Economics.
    26. James Peck & Karl Shell, 2003. "Equilibrium Bank Runs," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(1), pages 103-123, February.
    27. Bryant, John, 1980. "A model of reserves, bank runs, and deposit insurance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 335-344, December.
    28. Yadav, Miklesh Prasad & Rao, Amar & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul & Tabassum, Sabia & Lucey, Brian, 2023. "The domino effect: Analyzing the impact of Silicon Valley Bank's fall on top equity indices around the world," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    29. Slovin, Myron B & Sushka, Marie E & Polonchek, John A, 1993. "The Value of Bank Durability: Borrowers as Bank Stakeholders," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(1), pages 247-266, March.
    30. Petersen, Mitchell A & Rajan, Raghuram G, 1994. "The Benefits of Lending Relationships: Evidence from Small Business Data," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(1), pages 3-37, March.
    31. Cooper, Russell & Ross, Thomas W., 1998. "Bank runs: Liquidity costs and investment distortions," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 27-38, February.
    32. Berger, Allen N. & Miller, Nathan H. & Petersen, Mitchell A. & Rajan, Raghuram G. & Stein, Jeremy C., 2005. "Does function follow organizational form? Evidence from the lending practices of large and small banks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 237-269, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Kumari, Vineeta & Palma, Alessia & Goodell, John W., 2024. "Impact of ESG regulation on stock market returns: Investor responses to a reasonable assurance mandate," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    2. Tabash, Mosab I. & Sheikh, Umaid A. & Shawkat, Hammoudeh & Sang Hoon, Kang, 2026. "From collapse to contagion: The Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) default and its ripple effects across global islamic and conventional financial sectors," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Aharon, David Y. & Ali, Shoaib, 2024. "A high-frequency data dive into SVB collapse," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    2. Tabash, Mosab I. & Sheikh, Umaid A. & Shawkat, Hammoudeh & Sang Hoon, Kang, 2026. "From collapse to contagion: The Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) default and its ripple effects across global islamic and conventional financial sectors," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    3. Gu, Chao & Monnet, Cyril & Nosal, Ed & Wright, Randall, 2023. "Diamond–Dybvig and beyond: On the instability of banking," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    4. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Gubareva, Mariya & Vinh Vo, Xuan, 2024. "Reputational contagion from the Silicon Valley Bank debacle," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    5. Edoardo Rainone, 2021. "Identifying deposits' outflows in real-time," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1319, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    6. Kristian Blickle & Markus Brunnermeier & Stephan Luck, 2024. "Who Can Tell Which Banks Will Fail?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 37(9), pages 2685-2731.
    7. Kristian Blickle & Markus Brunnermeier & Stephan Luck, 2020. "Micro-evidence from a System-wide Financial Meltdown: The German Crisis of 1931," Working Papers 275, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    8. Nobel Prize Committee, 2022. "Financial Intermediation and the Economy," Nobel Prize in Economics documents 2022-2, Nobel Prize Committee.
    9. Mehdian, Seyed & Gherghina, Ștefan Cristian & Stoica, Ovidiu, 2024. "Intraday financial markets’ response to U.S. bank failures," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    10. Daniel R. Sanches, 2014. "Banking panics and protracted recessions," Working Papers 14-37, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    11. Huberto M. Ennis & Todd Keister, 2007. "Commitment and equilibrium bank runs," Staff Reports 274, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    12. Bales, Stephan & Burghof, Hans-Peter, 2024. "Public attention, sentiment and the default of Silicon Valley Bank," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(PA).
    13. Assaf Razin & Itay Goldstein, 2012. "Review Of Theories of Financial Crises," 2012 Meeting Papers 214, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    14. Xu, Yuyun & Liu, Zhengyuan & Zhang, Longyao, 2024. "The spillover effect of bank distress: Evidence from the takeover of Baoshang Bank in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    15. Santikian, Lori, 2014. "The ties that bind: Bank relationships and small business lending," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 177-213.
    16. Prateek Sharma, 2024. "Aggregate bank deposit flows in the U.S," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    17. Gu, Chao, 2007. "Asymmetric Information and Bank Runs," Working Papers 07-14, Cornell University, Center for Analytic Economics.
    18. Boot, Arnoud W. A., 2000. "Relationship Banking: What Do We Know?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 7-25, January.
    19. Elena Mattana & Ettore Panetti, 2021. "The Welfare Costs of Self‐Fulfilling Bank Runs," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 53(2-3), pages 401-440, March.
    20. Izumi, Ryuichiro & Li, Yang, 2025. "Rapid bank runs and delayed policy responses," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:59:y:2024:i:c:s1544612323011789. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.