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A hybrid system using a regenerative electrochemical cycle to harvest waste heat from the proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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  • Long, Rui
  • Li, Baode
  • Liu, Zhichun
  • Liu, Wei

Abstract

A new hybrid system consisting of a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) subsystem and a TREC (thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle) subsystem is proposed to convert the waste heat produced by the PEMFC system into electricity. The performance of the hybrid system and its corresponding subsystems is analyzed. Results reveal that there exists optimal current densities of the PEMFC and TREC systems leading to the maximum power output of the hybrid system. With the maximum power output as the objective function, an optimization of the hybrid system based on genetic algorithm method is conducted under different operating temperatures of the PEMFC subsystem. The power output of the hybrid system is 6.85%–20.59% larger than that of the PEMFC subsystem. And the total electrical efficiency is improved by 2.74%–8.27%. The corresponding electrical efficiency of the TREC is 4.56%–13.81%. The hybrid system proposed in this paper could contribute to utilizing the fuel energy more efficiently and sufficiently.

Suggested Citation

  • Long, Rui & Li, Baode & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2015. "A hybrid system using a regenerative electrochemical cycle to harvest waste heat from the proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2079-2086.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:93:y:2015:i:p2:p:2079-2086
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.132
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    Cited by:

    1. Long, Rui & Li, Baode & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2016. "Ecological analysis of a thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 95-102.
    2. Li, Baode & Long, Rui & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2016. "Performance analysis of a thermally regenerative electrochemical refrigerator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 43-51.
    3. Zhu, Wanchao & Han, Jitian & Ge, Yi & Yang, Jinwen & Liang, Wenxing, 2024. "Multi-criteria optimization of a combined power and freshwater system using modified NSGA-II and AHP-entropy-topsis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
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    5. Zhang, Xin & Cai, Ling & Liao, Tianjun & Zhou, Yinghui & Zhao, Yingru & Chen, Jincan, 2018. "Exploiting the waste heat from an alkaline fuel cell via electrochemical cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 983-990.
    6. Lee, Won-Yong & Kim, Minjin & Sohn, Young-Jun & Kim, Seung-Gon, 2016. "Power optimization of a combined power system consisting of a high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell and an organic Rankine cycle system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1062-1070.
    7. Wang, Shengnan & Li, Yunhua & Li, Yun-Ze & Peng, Xing & Mao, Yufeng, 2018. "Exergy based parametric analysis of a cooling and power co-generation system for the life support system of extravehicular spacesuits," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1209-1219.
    8. Lee, Won-Yong & Kim, Minjin & Sohn, Young-Jun & Kim, Seung-Gon, 2017. "Performance of a hybrid system consisting of a high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell and an absorption refrigerator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 2397-2407.
    9. Long, Rui & Li, Baode & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2016. "Performance analysis of a dual loop thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 388-395.
    10. Dawahdeh, Ahmad I. & Al-Nimr, Moh'd A., 2022. "Power generation by integrating a thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle (TREC) with a biofuel stove," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    11. Fathabadi, Hassan, 2019. "Solar energy harvesting in buildings using a proposed novel electrochemical device as an alternative to PV modules," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 118-125.
    12. Dawahdeh, Ahmad I. & Al-Nimr, Moh'd.A., 2023. "A novel energy harvesting and battery thermal management in hybrid vehicles using a thermally regenerative electrochemical device," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    13. Abdollahipour, Armin & Sayyaadi, Hoseyn, 2021. "Thermal energy recovery of molten carbonate fuel cells by thermally regenerative electrochemical cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    14. Lai, Xiaotian & Long, Rui & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2018. "A hybrid system using direct contact membrane distillation for water production to harvest waste heat from the proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 578-586.
    15. Long, Rui & Lai, Xiaotian & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2018. "A continuous concentration gradient flow electrical energy storage system based on reverse osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 896-905.
    16. Cai, Yuhao & Qian, Xin & Su, Ruihang & Jia, Xiongjie & Ying, Jinhui & Zhao, Tianshou & Jiang, Haoran, 2024. "Thermo-electrochemical modeling of thermally regenerative flow batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    17. Long, Rui & Zhao, Yanan & Li, Mingliang & Pan, Yao & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2021. "Evaluations of adsorbents and salt-methanol solutions for low-grade heat driven osmotic heat engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    18. Guo, Xinru & Zhang, Houcheng, 2020. "Performance analyses of a combined system consisting of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and thermally regenerative electrochemical cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    19. Long, Rui & Li, Baode & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2018. "Reverse electrodialysis: Modelling and performance analysis based on multi-objective optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1-10.
    20. Yang, Zirong & Du, Qing & Jia, Zhiwei & Yang, Chunguang & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Effects of operating conditions on water and heat management by a transient multi-dimensional PEMFC system model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 462-476.
    21. Al-Nimr, Moh'd A. & Dawahdeh, Ahmad I. & Ali, Hussain A., 2022. "Power generation by integrating a thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle (TREC) with a solar pond and underground heat exchanger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 663-675.

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